An improvement in the ICM algorithm for AF detection incorporating P-wave information substantially reduced inappropriately detected episodes and duration, with minimal reduction in sensitivity for detecting AF.

There has been tremendous interest in the development of different innovative wear‐resistant materials, which can help to reduce energy losses resulted from friction and wear by ≈40% over the next 10–15 years. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress on designs, properties, and applications of wear‐resistant materials, starting with an introduction of various advanced technologies for the fabrication of wear‐resistant materials and anti‐wear structures with their wear mechanisms. Typical strategies of surface engineering and matrix strengthening for the development of wear‐resistant materials are then analyzed, focusing on the development of coatings, surface texturing, surface hardening, architecture, and the exploration of matrix compositions, microstructures, and reinforcements. Afterward, the relationship between the wear resistance of a material and its intrinsic properties including hardness, stiffness, strength, and cyclic plasticity is discussed with underlying mechanisms, such as the lattice distortion effect, bonding strength effect, grain size effect, precipitation effect, grain boundary effect, dislocation or twinning effect. A wide range of fundamental applications, specifically in aerospace components, automobile parts, wind turbines, micro‐/nano‐electromechanical systems, atomic force microscopes, and biomedical devices are highlighted. This review is concluded with prospects on challenges and future directions in this critical field.

No abstract

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to several inflammatory or metabolic diseases. However, findings of previous studies investigating the association between NAFLD and BMD are inconsistent. Only one study reported a potential association between NAFLD and osteoporotic fracture. This study investigated whether NAFLD in older participants (>55 years) was associated with osteoporotic fracture risk.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included 2,695 participants (35.7% men, 614 cases of NAFLD, and 383 fractures). Standardized questionnaires, laboratory tests, and physical and ultrasonic examinations were completed.Results: After adjusting for various factors including serum triglycerides (TG), high-density cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), multivariate logistic regression models revealed a marginal association between NAFLD and osteoporotic fracture risk in men (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–3.27; P = 0.030) but no association in women (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.74–1.48; P = 0.800). Further stratified analyses showed a significant association between NAFLD and osteoporotic fracture risk in men without high TG, low HDL-C, and high LDL-C.Conclusions: There was a significant association between NAFLD and osteoporotic fracture risk in older Chinese men, particularly men without dyslipidemia.