This study was conducted to determine the effects of diclofenac sodium in broiler chicks during the period from 20 th July /2012 to 1 st september/2012. The broiler chicks were divided into four groups A, B, C and control with ten day old bird in each. Group A was treated with @ 5mg/kg body weight, group B was treated with @ 10mg/kg body weight and Group C was treated with 20 mg/kg body weight given orally mixing with drinking water. Histopathological, hematological and biochemical tests were performed on 42 th days of age to evaluate diclofenac-induced changes between control and treated groups. Mortality rate and pathomorphological changes were observed in dead birds. The acute toxicity was assessed by observing the clinical signs and symptoms, mortality, alterations in blood biochemistry, and necropsy findings. The birds of Group A showed only mild symptoms of diarrhea and 30% mortality. In Group B, 60% and Group 70% of birds died in between 24 and 36 h post-treatment showing the symptoms of segregatory behavior, lethargy, terminal anorexia, and severe bloody diarrhea. Observation of hematological parameters like TEC, Hb, PCV and ESR on 42 th days of age showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in treatment group compare to control group. Observation of biochemical parameters (serum urea, serum creatinine) on 42 th days of age showed significantly increased (p<0.01) serum urea and serum creatinine indicating nephrotoxicity in broilers. At 12 and 24 h post-treatment this returned to the normal levels. The dead birds of the high-dose group also showed similar pattern of biochemical changes at 12 and 24 h post-treatment and revealed extensive visceral gout with characteristic histopathological lesions in liver, kidney, heart, spleen and intestine on post-mortem. The results indicate that diclofenac sodium has hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and visceral gout inducing potentials in broilers (cob-500), especially at higher dose.

Small ruminants (goat and sheep) are economically important and promising animal resource in Bangladesh. Reproductive disorders of goat and sheep cause the great economic problems. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of reproductive disorders in goat and sheep in five upazillas of Mymensingh district. Records of reproductive disorders were collected from official stock book of different Upazillas veterinary hospitals of Mymensingh district during April 2010 to March 2011. Seasonal occurrences of reproductive disorders were also recorded. Descriptive statistical analysis was done to study the prevalence of different reproductive disorders of goat and sheep in five upazillas of Mymensingh district. Out of 4804 clinical cases, a total of 147 reproductive disorders of goat and sheep were screened out from datasheet of official stock book. Among the five upazila, the prevalence of reproductive disorders was higher in Muktagacha (3.35%) and lower in Fulbaria (2.38%). Prevalence of reproductive disorders in all upazila was higher in sheep (4.12%) than goat (2.88%). Prevalence of reproductive disorders of goat was higher in Tarakanda (3.26%) and lower in Fulbaria (2.03%) and the prevalence of reproductive disorders of sheep was higher in Gaforgaon (5.22%) and lower in Haluaghat (3.15%). The major reproductive disorders recorded in goats were dystocia (41.2%), abortion (21.8%), mastitis (21.8%), retained placenta (11.8%) and pyometra (3.4%). Similarly, major reproductive disorders in sheep were dystocia (53.7%), abortion (25%), pyometra (7.1%), mastitis (7.1%) and retained placenta (7.1%). Moreover, seasonal prevalence of reproductive disorders was higher in summer than winter in the species, goat (57.14%) and sheep (12.25%). It was concluded that the most pressing constraint on goat and sheep reproduction in Bangladesh is dystocia, abortion and mastitis. Strategies should be taken to minimize their occurrence.