The article validates the relevance of the implementation of international standards in the national anti-corruption policy, taking into account the progressive and sustainable development of corrupt practices in Ukraine. The purpose of the research is to propose a structural and functional algorithm for improving the process of establishing criminal liability for corruption-related crimes following international anti-corruption standards using the method of structural and functional modeling. The level of implementation and compliance of national legislation with international standards for combating corruption was assessed, which allowed identifying conflicts in legislative and normative acts on the formation of the list of corruption crimes and the procedures used for their investigations by type of legal responsibility. The article presents a structural and logical algorithm for the implementation of international standards in determining criminal liability for corruption-related offenses in Ukraine.

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The phenomenon of money laundering as a result of the actions of criminal groups is a negative factor in the global development of the international community. The need for this study is due to the increase in the scale of such criminal acts that negatively affect the development of the state, threatening the rule of law and security of the state in general and society in particular; lack of legislative and practical basis for combating this phenomenon. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to define the concept and the essence of money laundering by organized criminal groups and elaborate scientifically sound measures to combat this phenomenon in terms of European and Ukrainian dimensions. Several methods were used in the study, in particular: dialectical, system-structural, historical-legal and formal-logical. Leading research method was comparative method, which helped to characterize the specifics of criminal law protection of public relations arising from money laundering in Ukraine, Western European countries, and the United States. The authors determine the national policy of Ukraine against crimes committed by organized groups is characterized by the obsolescence of the regulatory and legal framework, gaps in the organization of combating such types of crimes, reduction of special units in the police, and insufficient level of cooperation of state bodies. The collected original empirical material will allow theorists in this field to continue their research and effectively counteract this negative phenomenon.

Legal, organizational and technical issues of the current state of crime prevention in the field of electronic payment systems in different countries and in Ukraine are considered. The following methods were used in the article: dialectical, documentary analysis, analytical analysis of documents and observations. Identified and analyzed current trends and risks associated with the use of electronic payment systems by legal entities. Electronic payments have been found to be a progressive and convenient innovation on the one hand, which has greatly accelerated the ability of individuals to engage in day-to-day market relations, and on the other, to be unlawfully encroached upon and systematically improved by criminals. Based on this, emphasis is placed on the urgent need for proper protection of payment systems. It is noted that examples of global counteraction to crimes and various offenses committed in the field of electronic payments are developed countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Canada, Singapore, as well as the European Union, especially France and Germany. As a result of the study, it has been noted that the above countries have all the opportunities to provide Ukraine and its citizens, as well as government officials with the necessary guidelines, technical and legal assistance to create an effective mechanism to combat offenses in the use of electronic payment systems.

El propósito del artículo es estudiar la experiencia de los principales países europeos en el control y la supervisión del espíritu empresarial y determinar las oportunidades para su aplicación en Ucrania. Los autores del artículo han fundamentado la conveniencia de estudiar la experiencia de los países desarrollados del mundo, ya que puede permitir delinear los vectores del desarrollo de la legislación ucraniana, para adaptarla a los requerimientos del mundo y de la Comunidad Europea. Hasta la fecha, Europa ha desarrollado enfoques bastante diferentes y al mismo tiempo interesantes para llevar a cabo el control sobre el espíritu empresarial. Su diferenciación se debe a: en primer lugar, las particularidades de la situación económica y política de un país; en segundo lugar, la política del Estado en las esferas económica, financiera y política. Se ha señalado que el legislador ucraniano no debe introducir imprudentemente toda la experiencia positiva, porque también se deben tener en cuenta las peculiaridades de la economía, la política y la mentalidad. Es necesario fortalecer la supervisión y el control, sin embargo su implementación debe basarse en los principios de conveniencia, es decir, debe llevarse a cabo solo si existen razones que están definidas por las normas de la legislación vigente. El fortalecimiento del control y la supervisión debe ir acompañado de una mejora simultánea de los incentivos para estimular el espíritu empresarial a través de instrumentos políticos, económicos, fiscales y presupuestarios; la cuestión del control interno requiere una regulación legislativa detallada. El legislador debe revisar los principios organizativos para llevar a cabo el control y la supervisión del espíritu empresarial y diferenciar claramente las competencias de las entidades de control para evitar la duplicación de sus poderes.