If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractService industries hold an increasingly dynamic and pivotal role in today's knowledge-based economies. The logistics industry is a classic example of the birth and development of a vital new service-based industry, transformed from the business concept of transportation to that of serving the entire logistical needs of customers. Quantum advances in science, technology, and communication in the new millennium have compelled firms to consider the potential of the so-called new``resources'' (technology, knowledge and relationship networks) that are essential if firms are to operate effectively within the emerging business model, and to utilise the opportunities to innovate and gain market leadership. Through an extensive literature review, this paper examines the factors that nurture innovation in logistics services, identifies the contributions of the neẁ`r esources'' and, using industry examples, examines the application of these resources to logistics firms as they assume an extended role within the new business model. Electronic accessThe research register for this journal is available at
Considerable progress has been made recently, based on classical morphological characters and newly described ultrastructural features, in understanding the phylogenetic relationships of the tracheophytes to the green algae and bryophytes. Recent technological advances in molecular biology, particularly the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have allowed nucleotide sequence data relevant to such large-scale phylogenetic questions to accumulate, especially ribosomal RNA gene sequences (both the large and small subunits) from the nucleus and the chloroplast. We present synthetic cladistic analyses of the green plants that combine and compare available morphological and molecular data sets. Although the resulting phylogenies are poorly resolved in some areas at present, certain conclusions are supported: (1) The green plants are composed of two major monophyletic groups, one containing the "charophyte green algae and the land plants (i.e., "bryophytes" plus tracheophytes), the other containing the bulk of the classically delimited "green algae" (chlorophytes, pleurastrophytes, and ulvophytes). ( 2) The land plants are a well-supported monophyletic group, but neither the specific outgroup for the land plants nor the precise relationships among basa lineages of land plants are clear. In many analyses (including the combined molecular and morphological analysis) the three major lineages (i.e., liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) appear to be paraphyletic with respect to the tracheophytes, with an indication that the mosses alone may be the sister group of the tracheophytes; however, in other analyses the "bryophytes" are supported as a monophyletic group. (3) The ulvophytes, chlorophytes, and pleurastrophytes are each supported as monophyletic (with the exception of a few taxa that may be misplaced m the current classification), with the topology: [ulvophytes [chlorophytes + pleurastrophytes]]. Combined analyses o! molecular and morphological data offer the greatest potential for resolving these relationships.
Conflicting classifications for the Corallinales were tested by analyzing partial sequences for the nuclear small‐subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU) gene of 35 species of coralline algae. Parsimony and likelihood analyses of these data yielded congruent hypotheses that are inconsistent with classifications for the group that include as many as eight subfamilies. Four major clades are resolved within the order, including the early‐diverging Sporolithaceae as well as the Melobesioideae and Corallinoideae. The fourth clade, which is supported robustly, includes both nongeniculate and geniculate species classified in the subfamilies Mastophoroideae, Metagoniolithoideae, Lithophylloideae, and Amphiroideae. Molecular and morphological data support the proposal that the latter two subfamilies are sister taxa. Although relationships among some genera are not resolved clearly, the order of branching of taxa among and within the four principal lineages is concordant with paleontological evidence for the group. Relationships inferred among genera within each of the clades is discussed. Seven morphological characters delimiting higher taxonomic groups within the order were combined with the sequence data, analyzed, and optimized onto the resulting tree(s). Except for the presence or absence of genicula, all other characters were found to be phylogenetically informative. Genicula are nonhomologous structures that evolved independently in the Amphiroideae, Corallinoideae, and Metagoniolithoideae. The phenetic practice of separating coralline algae into two categories solely on the basis of the presence or absence of genicula does not accurately reflect the evolutionary history of the group.
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