Background

Latar belakang. Malaria adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh sporozoa genus plasmodium. Terapi yang sering digunakan adalah ACT (artemisinin combination therapy) yang berguna untuk membunuh semua stadium parasit yang ada di dalam tubuh.Tujuan. Penelitian untuk melihat efektifitas terapi ACT dan profil malaria pada anak di kabupaten Sorong selatan. Metode. Penelitian potong lintang selama 2 bulan (Januari sampai februari 2015) pada 89 anak. Diagnosis malaria ditegakkan melalui pemeriksaan sediaan darah tebal dan tipis untuk menemukan parasit dan spesies malaria. Dicatat terapi ACT, manifestasi klinis, dan penyakit penyerta.Hasil. Terdapat 41 anak mengikuti penelitian, didapatkan 25 (61%) anak perempuan dengan 21 (51,3%) didominasi kelompok usia lebih dari 5 tahun. Penyakit malaria tersiana didapatkan pada 23 (56,8%) anak. Terapi ACT, menghasilkan tidak adanya parasitemia dan suhu aksila <37,50C sampai hari ke-4, menunjukkan efektifitas 95%.Kesimpulan. Terapi ACT masih efektif untuk mengobati malaria pada anak di Kabupaten Sorong Selatan.

Latar belakang. Angka kesakitan malaria di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Masalah pada malaria adalah antara lain kejadian anemia pada infeksi plasmodium disebabkan hemolisis sel darah merah dan penurunan eritropoesis, sedangkan hubungan antara infeksi plasmodium dengan malnutrisi masih harus diklarifikasi. Tujuan. Menilai proporsi anemia dan status nutrisi pada malaria anak. Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan selama 2 bulan (Mei-Juni 2015) pada 45 anak dengan diagnosis malaria yang dirawat inap dan rawat jalan di RSUD Scholoo Keyen. Diagnosis malaria ditegakkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan sediaan darah tebal dan tipis. Hasil. Terdapat 45 anak, 25 laki-laki dan 20 perempuan. Rentang usia terbanyak 1-5 tahun. Ditemukan 30 anak dengan malaria tropikana. Didapatkan 25 anak dengan kadar hemoglobin antara (8-10) g/dL. Status nutrisi ditemukan 19 anak wasting dan 16 stunted. Kesimpulan. Malaria yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah malaria tropikana, disertai kejadian penyerta seperti anemia dan gizi kurang. Sari Pediatri 2016;17(6):446-9.Kata kunci: plasmodium, anemia, status gizi Background. In Indonesia still has high incidence of malaria. Anemia in plasmodium infection is due to red blood cell hemolysis and decreased erytropoesis, while the correlation of plasmodium plasmodium infection with malnutrition must be clarified. Objective. This study was conducted to analyse the correlation between plasmodium infection, anemia, and nutritional status in pediatric patients with malaria in South Sorong. Methods. This cross sectional study was performed between from May through June 2015. There were 45 children diagnosesd with malaria who were hospitalized and out patients in Scholoo Keyen Hospital. Malaria diagnosis was established by examining the thin and thick blood smear slides. Result. There were 45 children included in this study, 25 boys and 20 girls. Most (53.3%) children affected were between 1 -5 years old (24 children). The most (66.7%) common type of malaria was due to falciparum (tropical) malaria (30 children). Twenty five (55.6%) children had hemoglobin level between 8 to 10 gram/dl. Wasting was found in 19 (42.2%) children, while stunting was observed in 16 (35.6%) children. Conclusion. The most common type of malaria found is Tropicana malaria, with coexisting insidence of anemia and malnourishment. Sari Pediatri 2016;17(6):446-9.

Results. From 359 children with dengue infection, there were 41 patients suffered from dengue fever, 306 patients suffered from dengue hemorrhagic fever, and 12 patient suffered from dengue shock syndrome. 182 patients were boys and 177 patients were girls. 132 patients were 0-5 years old group and 227 patients were >5-18 years old group. Ninety cases were happened in dry season and 269 cases were happened in rainy season. All cases showed positive NS1. Conclusion. From 359 subject, the most case is dengue hemorrhagic fever , that happened in boys with the most common age group is >5-18 years old, and in rainy season. Sari Pediatri 2016;17(5):379-83.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children spreads easily and has a relatively high incidence. Severe complications in children confirmed with COVID-19 are thought to be related to the multisystem inflammatory syndrome, which is associated with coagulation disorders. D-dimer is a fibrin degradation end product which is easy to examine, affordable, fast and reliable. This study investigated the potency of D-dimer levels as a biomarker and assessed optimal cut-off value of D-dimer on severity of COVID-19 in children. Materials and methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in children aged 1-18 years confirmed to have mild, moderate or severe COVID-19 who were treated in the isolation room of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from September 2021 to February 2022. Statistical analysis was conducted using Mann- Whitney test and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The cut-off value of D-dimer was determined with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: There were 39 children with COVID-19. They were in mild (n=14; 35.9%), moderate (n=19; 48.7%) and severe (n= 6; 15.4%) stages. There were significant differences in D-dimer levels between mild and moderate stages (p=0.001), and mild and severe stages (p=0.001). No significant difference in D-dimer levels between moderate and severe stages (p=0.162). The cut-off value of D-dimer was 485 μg/mL with 92% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity. Conclusion: D-dimer can be used as a potential biomarker of severity in children with COVID-19.Keywords: D-dimer, COVID-19, severity, children