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Musical psychologists illustrated musical emotion with various numbers of dimensions ranging from two to eight. Most of them concentrated on classical music. Only a few researchers studied emotion in popular music, but the number of pieces they used was very small. In the present study, perceptual experiments were conducted using large sets of popular pieces. In Experiment 1, ten listeners rated musical emotion for 50 J-POP pieces using 17 SD scales. The results of factor analysis showed that the emotional space was constructed by three factors, ''evaluation,'' ''potency'' and ''activity.'' In Experiment 2, three musicians and eight non-musicians rated musical emotion for 169 popular pieces. The set of pieces included not only J-POP tunes but also Enka and western popular tunes. The listeners also rated the suitability for several listening situations. The results of factor analysis showed that the emotional space for the 169 pieces was spanned by the three factors,

In order to improve the gas barrier characteristics of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) we have carried out two experiments; a preliminary experiment using film samples and an applied experiment to modifying inner surfaces of bottles. The measurements of film samples by both ATR FT-IR (Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy and Laser Raman spectroscopy show that most PET molecules in the near surface volume are destroyed and amorphized by ion implantation. Gas permeability of the sample is also measured. For applying PBII (Plasma Based Ion Implantation) to bottles we develop a new technique to implant ions onto the inner surfaces while plasma is generated inside the bottle. An electrode that is supplied with positive high-voltage pulses differently from negative ones as in the preliminary experiment is inserted into the bottle. The inner surface of the PET bottle is investigated by both ATR FT-IR spectroscopy and Laser Raman spectroscopy, too.

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