Objectives. To study the prevalence of anxious-depressive disorders and sleep impairments in their structure among patients hospitalized with the new coronavirus infections (COVID-19) and to develop differential guidelines for their treatment in COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods. This report presents preliminary results from our own observations. We report here analysis of data from 119 patients (age 47-69 years, male and female) obtained at detailed interviews, including using telemedicine technologies, with evaluation on the following scales: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) for subjective assessment of asthenia, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results. Results on the HADS indicated that clinically severe anxious-depressive symptomatology was seen in 33 of 119 patients (28%) hospitalized with diagnoses of COVID-19: of these, 11% of cases (n = 13) showed clinical signs of signifi cant anxiety only, while fi ve (4%) showed clinically signifi cant depression and 13% displayed increases on both the anxiety and depression subscales (n = 15). Increases on the MFI-20 scale (>20 points) were seen in 87 patients (73%) and sleep impairments on the PSQI were recorded in 32 patients (27%). Conclusions. The results of this study showed that most patients with COVID-19 had not only depressive symptomatology, but also anxious and hypochondriac disorders, asthenic symptom complex, and sleep impairments with diffi culty going to sleep and poor sleep quality. Differential guidelines were developed for the treatment of these states taking account of the side effects of the drugs prescribed, interactions between drugs, and the features of the patients' somatic condition. Drug selection must be based on the severity of the impairments found.

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The article considers the role of magnesium and potassium deficiency in the development of cardiovascular diseases and their complications. The risk factors and symptoms of potassium and magnesium deficiency are described. Provided the results of studies of magnesium and potassium effectiveness in cardiac practice. Revealed the significance of potassium and magnesium preparations in the prevention of atherosclerosis progression, arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders. The advantages of magnesium and potassium asparaginate preparations in order to eliminate the deficiency of these cations are demonstrated.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which traditional therapeutic strategies, such as optimization of the lifestyle, intake of metformin and sulfonylureas or glitazone prove secondarily inefficient in the short run. The discovery and use of new hypoglycemic agents, e.g. DPP-4 inhibitors, open up opportunities for the further improvement of glycemic control. This review contains data on mechanisms of action, efficacy and safety of DPP-4 inhibitors exemplified by sitagliptin and their possible effects on the cardiovascular system.