The digital two-dimensional Fourier decomposition of surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs is used to detect the regular morphological structures on a polymer composite surface. Analyzing the SEM images of fluorinated and sulfonated low density polyethylene (LDPE), we identify and specify both regular and irregular submicron surface structures. The possibility of similar information processing techniques generalization for the morphological simulating of modified polymers bulk structures is discussed.Keywords: Surface and bulk modification of polymers, gas-phase fluorination and sulfonation, surface structure, image processing and analysis, scanning electron microscopy.