Genetic influences are critical for determining mandibular protrusion in class IIImalocclusion cases, and growth hormone receptors (GHRs) are thought to have an essential impact on craniofacial bone growth. This review aimed to assess the association between GHR gene polymorphism variants and mandibular morphology. Studies were extensively searched using PubMed and Google Scholar until December 2020. The study design according to PECOS was: P, class III malocclusion; E, GHR polymorphism; no polymorphism in C, GHR; O, linear dimensional changes in maxillary and mandibular measurements; and S, cross-sectional and case-control studies. Selected studies were of acceptable methodological quality on a 10-point scale. A preliminary search identified 107 studies; after excluding duplicate abstracts, 63 studies were screened. Nine studies were subsequently included in the systematic review. Conclusion Polymorphic variants at rs6180, rs6182, and rs6184 in the GHR gene were associated with condylion-gonion measures in Asians and Turks but not in Colombians and Egyptians.

Mandible prognathism or malocclusion skeletal class III is facial deformities. These deformities can affect orofacial function, such as mastication, speech, and function of the temporomandibular joint. Besides the physical effects of these deformities, the psychosocial impact on the individual is often essential, and such deformities can affect the quality of life and self-confidence. Orthognathic surgery is designed to correct these deformities because these deformities could not have been corrected by only orthodontic treatment. Therefore, at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, orthognathic surgery is the treatment choice for mandibular prognathism or malocclusion skeletal class III. In this case report, we present a 31-year-old female with mandibular prognathism, difficulty in closing her mouth and anterior open bite. Surgery was performed by Le Fort 1 osteotomy for advancing maxilla and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for setback mandible. Two weeks after surgery, patient came back to the orthodontic department for occlusion treatment.

Kelainan dento skeletal adalah kelainan pada gigi geligi yang berdampak pada gangguan fungsi rahang, hubungan gigi dan penampilan wajah. Pada kelainan dento skeletal penggunaan alat ortodontik memiliki keterbatasan dalam mengoreksinya sehingga dibutuhkan perawatan bedah. Bedah ortognatik dan osteodistraksi merupakan pilihan perawatan yang dapat dijalani. Saat ini, RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung merupakan salah satu pusat rujukan nasional yang menyediakan bedah ortognatik dan osteodistraksi. penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran serta jumlah kelainan dento skeletal dengan penanganan bedah ortognatik dan osteodistraksi di SMF Bedah Mulut dan Maksilofasial pada periode 2012 -2017. Metode : Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dekriptif retrospektif. Sample penelitian ini adalah rekam medis pasien kasus kelainan dento skeletal dengan penanganan bedah ortognatik dan osteodistraksi di SMF Bedah Mulut dan Maksilofasial RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode tahun 2012 -2017 yang dipilih dengan pendekatan purposive sampling. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukan kelainan dento skeletal dengan jumlah kasus penanganan bedah ortognatik paling banyak terjadi pada tahun 2017, berjumlah 19 kasus. Jumlah kasus penanganan osteodistraksi paling banyak terjadi pada tahun 2017, sebanyak 2 kasus. Teknik pembedahan ortognatik yang paling sering digunakan adalah kombinasi Le Fort 1 dan BSSO yaitu sebanyak 64,11% sedangkan untuk teknik pembedahan osteodistraksi yang paling sering digunakan adalah teknik distraksi mandibular sebanyak 50%. Simpulan : Pasien kelainan dento skeletal sebanyak 162 orang yang ditangani di SMF Bedah Mulut dan Maksilofasial RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin dengan bedah ortognatik sebanyak 39 orang (24%) dan 4 orang (2,5%) untuk osteodistraksi pada periode 2012 -2017.

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