Exploring new materials with high stability and capacity is full of challenges in sustainable energy conversion and storage systems. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as a new type of porous material, show the advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity, low density, and adjustable pore size, exhibiting a broad application prospect in the field of electrocatalytic reactions, batteries, particularly in the field of supercapacitors. This comprehensive review outlines the recent progress in synthetic methods and electrochemical performances of MOF materials, as well as their applications in supercapacitors. Additionally, the superiorities of MOFs-related materials are highlighted, while major challenges or opportunities for future research on them for electrochemical supercapacitors have been discussed and displayed, along with extensive experimental experiences.

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Summary Ru complexes were successfully produced, and their structural properties were investigated using FTIR, Raman, and single crystal XRD patterns. The HOMO, LUMO, Eg, and electronic surface potential (ESP) values of the molecules were calculated by a Gaussian program. The complexes were used for producing hybrid capacitor cells as electrode materials. According to electrochemical analysis, complex 2 showed the best CV graph between −1 V and +1 V and had the highest current value and hysteresis area when compared with the other complexes. The performance analysis and the capacity fade of the cells were investigated. The first capacity values of the complexes were 57.5, 22.1, 16.9, and 0.0021 F/g for complexes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The capacitive mechanism of the cells as relates to molecular interactions was also investigated. We suggested that the ESP values of the molecules were directly related to the capacitive performance of the cells. In addition to this, the best cycling performance was obtained for complex 2, which has the lowest Eg value among the complexes. We speculate that the charged regions on the complex materials have a crucial role in the increasing the capacitance of the cells.

The synthesis of chelated ruthenium(II) complex type Ru(η 6-HMB)(NHC)Cl (NHC=Nheterocyclic carbene, HMB=hexamethylbenzene) is presented. The ruthenium(II)-NHC complex 6 was obtained in good yield and was fully characterised by NMR spectroscopy, Xray diffraction and HRMS analysis. Electrochemical analysis by cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed reversible redox behaviour at the ruthenium centre in 6. DFT studies and the catalytic activity of complex 6 on transfer hydrogenation reaction of aryl ketones are also presented. The potential hybrid capacitor applications of Ru-NHC complex is discussed and reported firstly in the literature. It was found that the highest performance was found at 20.1 F/g, which is a promising result for energy storage applications.