Permanent magnet material undulators are used in many research facilities worldwide to produce high brightness synchrotron radiation for basic and applied research. Their effectiveness is limited in low energy storage rings because of a lack of sufficient magnetic field intensity. Superconducting undulators can produce higher fields and therefore higher photon energies, especially at lower electron beam energies. Undulator radiation is emitted in a line spectrum where the fundamental wavelength is determined by the undulator period and strength, beam energy and harmonic number. For a given beam energy, use of these higher harmonics is desirable, because they allow the provision of higher photon energies as high as soft or hard x-rays from 1 to 10 keV. The photon flux in such harmonics is however strongly dependent on the integrity of the periodic properties of the magnetic field. Small field and phase errors will reduce the photon intensity dramatically. Correction methods as employed for permanent magnet material undulators are not applicable in superconducting undulators. In this paper, we discuss a new approach for field corrections based on a variation of the magnetic field saturation properties of individual poles. We demonstrate its efficiency in ensuring photon fluxes which are close to theoretical expectations.

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Treatment of fresh fruits, meat, and food with ionizing radiation has been frequently chosen to destroy harmful pathogenic microorganisms and oriental fruit flies. Electron beam linear accelerator (Linac) is commonly used as the source of irradiation to produce photons and electrons in megavolt energy. A 6 MeV Linac designed for medical therapy has been developed for fresh fruit sterilization at Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). Some physical design and beam dynamic results of the electron gun and 6 MeV Linac will be presented in this paper. Testing of each subsystem and installation of the 6 MeV Linac with major auxiliary systems will be described in this paper. It is the first system designed, fabricates, and tested in-house for the fruit sterilization application at SLRI. Measurement results of the Linac properties are presented as a resonant frequency and coupling coefficient at low power called a cold test. The Linac system with all sub-systems and the auxiliary systems will be installed and tested before x-rays production. During commissioning some electron beam parameters out of the electron gun and the Linac exit will be measured.

This paper presents the parameter optimization of a twelve-hole-slot-type magnetron based on a reverse engineering technique to improve a 6-MeV linear accelerator (LINAC) operation for fruit sterilization. The magnetron structural dimensions are measured by a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) that has tolerance on a dimension of 0.5 µm to analyze the resonant frequency with a desired operating point of the magnetron in the dominant mode. There are two methods of analysis using a proper parameter for the magnetron operation. The first method is mathematical model analysis of an equivalent resonant parallel circuit. The other is 3D-model drawing of the magnetron based on particle-in-cell (PIC) using computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST). The results are demonstrated by the position of the resonant frequency of each mode of operation, and the radius and tuner slot distance of a cavity within the structures of the magnetron cause a resonant frequency change. The suitable parameters of the voltage and magnetic field supply are desired to control a resonant frequency at 2.9982 GHz by using the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy logic control (FLC) algorithm to control a resonant frequency at 2.9982 GHz. The results of the FLC algorithm application show that the LINAC can produce X-rays with a constant dose rate for an hour with a disturbance in the range of 38 to 42 °C temperature and 1 × 10−9 to 5 × 10−8 torr vacuum pressure.