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Carbon 60 has been used in a functionalized form in a bioassay for a common herbicide, atrazine. It was found that the C 60 is a very effective quencher of fluorescence from number of common dyes. C 60 was conjugated to atrazine for use in an immunoassay in which fluorescence from rhodamine was measured. Quenching of the rhodamine emission provided a detection scheme in this assay that yielded very good limit of detection. The C 60 quenching scheme can be used with a wide variety of fluorescent dyes, permitting the potential use of a range of small, cheap excitation sources.

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