Abstract. It has been substantiated that digitalization is a driver of the transformation of employment in different countries.The degree of formation of the digitalized labor market by groups of countries with different levels of per capita income has been studied. It is proved that the use of digital technologies by the vast majority of companies and the economically active population simplifies the procedure of job creation, giving the opportunity to work via the Internet within the so-called “on-demand economy”. With the high degree of implementation of digital, information and communication technologies, the share of employees in the service sector is growing in the majority of countries. It is stated that the degree of digitalization of the labor market is uneven in the world. The introduction of modern technologies in high-income countries allows the population to fully realize the intellectual and creative potential, finding a job in the most efficient sector of the economy – the high-tech and knowledge-intensive services. Despite the rapid spread of digital technologies and the rapid growth of employment in the service sector in the upper-middle-income countries, the level of digital transformation of the labor market is much lower than in the high-income countries. Nowadays, there is a digital divide between these groups of countries, although, with the effective policies of governments in the upper-middle-income countries, there is a high probability of achievement of indicators of countries that are digital leaders. The trend of gradual digitalization of the services sector is also observed in the lower-middle-income countries. It is noted that the low prevalence of information and communication technologies in low-income countries makes it impossible for the population of these countries to join the global digitalized labor market. A set of measures has been systematized to harmonize the policies of governments of different countries in the field of labor relations, which are being transformed under the influence of global digitalization. Keywords: digital technologies, digitalization, employment, global digitalized labor market, high-income countries, lower-middle-income countries, low-income countries, upper-middle-income countries. JEL Classification F66, J24, J40, О33 Formulas: 5; fig.: 4, table.: 0; bibl.: 26.

No abstract

and Trade" Туль С.І. старший викладач кафедри міжнародної економіки Вищого навчального закладу Укоопспілки «Полтавський університет економіки і торгівлі» SYSTEMIC TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS AND LABOR MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION СИСТЕМНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ БІЗНЕСУ ТА РИНКУ ПРАЦІ В УМОВАХ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ The article determined that the high penetration of the Internet and information and communication technologies all over the world creates opportunities for the digital economy development. At the same time, it was noted that the process of digitalization of the economy in different countries is unequal. It was proved that in case of digital economy formation digitalization of business became the main condition for its effective functioning. It was justified that the digitalization of business should be considered as the source of deep systemic transformations in the economy and involves the usage of digital technologies at the business level to optimize business processes, increase company productivity and improve interaction with customers. In the digital economy, the digitalization of labor market is of particular importance. It was proved that the transformation of labor market implies the exponential increase in the number of electronic labor exchanges and online labor platforms that form a single global labor market.

The article examines the vector and structural changes in the modern world, caused by exogenous and endogenous factors and identified on the basis of determining the countries status taking into account the processes of changing their positions according to the group affiliation (hegemonic countries, applicant countries, «third world» countries, as well as other countries which gravitate to the world vanguard or rearguard ones). The proposed methodology of research into the countries global status is based on a comprehensive approach to the analysis of socio-natural systems, presented as a combination of economic, political, innovative, social and spiritual spheres, as well as the sphere of functioning of institutions and the sphere of human interaction with nature. The k-means clustering and the fuzzy logic apparatus were used to find out the vector and structural changes taking place in a globalized society. The analysis is based on processing the country data by the following indicators: the KOF Globalization Index, the Legatum Prosperity Index, the Global Competitiveness Index, the Global Innovation Index, the Human Development Index, the Fragile States Index, and the Environmental Performance Index (2009—2018). They were selected as the attributes, the set of which allows to distinguish clusters. The countries were clustered according to the components of their socio-natural systems. According to the Index of Global Status of Countries, the place that belongs to the subjects of international relations was estimated and their status was identified. On this basis, the differences in the development of the countries were detected. Significant differences in the positioning of states in the globalized world were objectified. The conditions of the formation of countries global status and the causes of the status dynamics were revealed. The fact of asymmetry, polarization and inequality progression was proved. It was demonstrated that the study of vector and structural changes occurring in the world economic system and globalized society extends the scientific notion about the present day systemic contradiction of the post-industrial and post-capitalist eras of the globalized world being formed.

Туль С. І. Стан і перспективи розвитку діджиталізованого ринку праці в Україні Метою статті є оцінка сформованості діджиталізованого ринку праці в Україні та визначення міри залучення в систему трудових відносин економічно активного населення через нетипові способи та форми зайнятості. Досліджено сутнісні зміни, що відбуваються нині на ринку праці України. Обґрунтовано, що діджиталізований ринок праці, якому властиве зростання кількості електронних бірж праці, віртуалізованих майданчиків, online-платформ по всьому світу, активно розвивається також в Україні. Відзначається, що негативні макроекономічні тенденції, які притаманні в наш час реальному сектору економіки України, спонукають економічно активне населення до пошуку можливостей працевлаштування на діджиталізованому ринку праці. Доведено, що Україна є активним учасником глобального ринку послуг з аутсорсингу та фрілансу. За результатами дослідження з'ясовано, що найбільш чисельну категорію зайнятих на діджиталізованому ринку праці України становлять фрілансери-суб'єкти трудових відносин, які є самозайнятими, виконують роботу на позаштатній основі через мережу Інтернет і не обов'язково прагнуть до довгострокового співробітництва з певним роботодавцем.