Background: Restless legs syndrome also known as Willis-Ekbom disease is a sensor motor disorder composed of an urge to move with or without associated discomfort that occurs with inactivity and improves with movement. The symptoms occur in leg muscles like calves and thighs. The feet and arms also affected and it causes the functional disability in pregnant women. Sleep disorder is typically the biggest complication of this condition. Unpleasant sensations are deep in the legs. Sensations appear during periods of rest or inactivity particularly in the evening and at night and relived by movement. Prevalence of RLS among pregnant women ranged from 10 to 34%. Aim: The aim of the study is to prove the effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) with Stretching and Exercises in restless leg syndrome among pregnant women. Objectives: To determine and prove the effectiveness of TENS with stretching to relive pain and improve the functional ability in restless leg syndrome among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A Quasi-experimental study was conducted on 30 subjects using convenient sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were allotted into 2 groups i.e., Group A with 15 subjects and Group B with 15 subjects using odd even method of sampling. Experimental group will be treated with TENS and Stretching. Control group will be treated with exercises and massage. Result: Statistical Analysis of Post test for pain and functional performance revealed that patients who received Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) with Stretching in Group A showed marked improvement compared to patients who received Massage and Exercises in Group B. Conclusion: From the result of the study it concluded that Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) with Stretching is more effective than massage and exercises in subjects with restless leg syndrome among pregnant women.

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Haemoglobin is a conjugate iron containing protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs during all body functions. In India, anaemia is a widespread condition, due to lack of haemoglobin in children, non-pregnant women, and pregnant women. Anaemia increases the risk of death during pregnancy and leads to fatigue, poor motor and mental performance in adolescent girls. Recent literature also suggests an independent association of chronic anaemia with increased mortality in a variety of conditions including chronic kidney disease, heart failure, acute coronary syndromes and acute stroke. Hence, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence and progression of anaemia from mild to a severe form in young girls. Although the current medical management is effective in improving the Hb level, researches have found few adverse effects due to the high dose usage of such medications. Thus, this study intended to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise versus yoga along with diet supplement on the haemoglobin level. 20 female collegiate between 17 to 22 years with a BMI range of 20-25 kg/m 2 and haemoglobin level from 8 to 11.5g/dl participated in this study. 10 subjects in Group A performed moderate intensity aerobic exercise and 10 subjects in Group B performed yoga asanas for 1 hour in the morning for 2 months after taking 5 grams jaggery and raisins. The result of this study suggested that both aerobic activity and yoga asanas along with raisins and jaggery helped to speed up the Hb synthesis and reduce mental and physical fatigue.

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen and it is one of the most common complaints seen in women of reproductive age during menstruation. In Primary dysmenorrhea, the abdominal pain is not associated with any underlying pathology of the uterus and secondary dysmenorrhea is caused due to any pathology inside or outside the uterus. It can also lead to nausea, headache, fatigue and diarrhea. The aim of the study is to find the efficacy of core muscle strengthening in women with dysmenorrhea. Method: The samples were selected according to the inclusion criteria and sectioned into groups with convenience sampling technique. Group A (n=30) was prescribed with heating pad and lower abdominal massage in circular motions and Group B (n=30) with core muscle strengthening exercises. The exercise regimen should be followed for a period of 3 months, 4 days a week (except for the first two days of menstruation). The duration of the exercises was 40 minutes per day, with a brief period of warm up and cool down respectively. Results: Statistical Analysis was done for all collected data using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Paired t-test. The test shows a significant difference (p<0.01) between the Groups A & B. Group B showed improvement compared to Group A. Conclusion: The experimental study showed that strengthening abdominal muscles helps in reduction in intensity of pain or no pain at all and also improved the quality of life in women with dysmenorrhea. KEY WORDS: Core muscle, Dysmenorrhea, Exercises, Menstrual pain, Physiotherapy.