Sea urchin, Diadema setosum is a potential fishery commodity with high economic value. It contains a steroid compound as an aphrodisiac in male monosexes (masculinization). In aquaculture usually used 17α-methyl testosterone, but it was difficult to decompose or it contaminated with carcinogens and pollutants. Therefore, it needs to be replaced with safer natural hormones from sea urchin. Betta sp. is an ornamental fish with high demand because of its colorful, diverse tail shapes, and price of male is higher than female, so that male cultivation is beneficial. This study aimed to utilize steroid compounds of sea urchin gonad extracts in masculinization of betta fish. In particular, it is to examine the steroid compounds by providing different doses and soaking times to the formation of male. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design method which was further classified into two stages. In first stage, the soaking dose was 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg L-1 for 12 h, while in stage II, the immersion duration was 0, 12, 18, 24 and 30 h at a dose of 4 mg L-1 in larvae aged 2 weeks. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and data were analyzed using Anova as well as with the LSD test at the level of 5%. The results showed that on the immersion in dose of 4 mg L-1, the highest male individual of 84.10% was formed. Also, a dose of 4 mg L-1 was significantly different from the control and 6 mg L-1, but it was not significantly different from that of 2 and 8 mg L-1. The difference in immersion time significantly affected the success of male monosex formation and the duration of 12 h in dose of 4 mg L-1 sea urchin extracts showed the highest percentage of 84.00%.

Latar Belakang: Jamu gendong merupakan salah satu obat tradisional yang sangat diminati oleh masyarakat dikarenakan manfaatnya yang dapat menjaga kesehatan serta mengobati penyakit. Jamu gendong tidak memerlukan izin edar, tetapi kualitas jamu harus tetap diperhatikan sehingga sediaan jamu aman dikonsumsi. Tujuan: Mengetahui ada tidaknya cemaran mikroba berupa bakteri dan kapang khamir pada sediaan jamu gendong beras kencur, kunyit asam, temulawak dan pahitan yang dijual di pasar tradisional Wonokriyo, Kecamatan Gombong, Kabupaten Kebumen. Metode: Sampel jamu diambil dari empat penjual yaitu penjual A, B, C dan D. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel, homogenisasi sampel, uji angka lempeng total (ALT) dan uji angka kapang khamir (AKK). Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistic One Way ANOVA. Hasil: Jamu gendong beras kencur, kunyit asam, temulawak dan pahitan yang dijual oleh penjual A, B, C dan D diperoleh nilai ALT yang memenuhi persyaratan yaitu tidak lebih dari >105 koloni/ml. Sedangkan jamu beras kencur yang dijual oleh penjual D diperoleh nilai ALT >105 koloni/ml sehingga tidak memenuhi persyaratan. Jamu gendong beras kencur, kunyit asam, temulawak dan pahitan diperoleh nilai AKK tidak lebih dari 103 koloni/ml sehingga memenuhi persyaratan. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (P>0,05) pada nilai ALT dan AKK dari semua jenis sampel jamu gendong yang berasal dari keempat penjual. Kesimpulan: Semua jamu memenuhi persyaratan mutu dilihat dari nilai AKK dan ALT, namun 1 sampel jamu beras kencur yang tidak memenuhi syarat ALT.