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The electrochemical behavior of olivine-type lithium manganese phosphate ͑LiMnPO 4 ͒ as a cathode material was investigated in a saturated aqueous lithium hydroxide electrolyte. The crystal structure and surface characterization of the olivine type LiMnPO 4 and the products which are formed on its oxidation and subsequent reduction were studied. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry were used for these investigations. LiMnPO 4 was found to be reversibly delithiated/lithiated on electro-oxidation/reduction.

The electrochemical behavior of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) in aqueous lithium hydroxide (LiOH) electrolyte has been investigated. Cyclic voltammetry shows that electroreduction results in the formation of a number of products. X-ray diffraction of the electroreduced TiO 2 shows that Li x TiO 2 , Ti 2 O 3 , Ti 2 O and TiO are formed. The formation of Li x TiO 2 is confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies of the electroreduced TiO 2 . The formation of Li x TiO 2 is electro reversible. In this respect, the electrochemical behavior of TiO 2 in concentrated aqueous lithium hydroxide electrolyte is similar to that for lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) non-aqueous media.