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Stability of high slopes subject to landslides and rock chutes has always been an engineering problem. It has become particularly acute in recent years, with dams 200-300 m high being designed and built on mountain rivers in provinces of active neotectonics and seismicity. The great landslides of [1963][1964] in the valleys of the Vaiont (Italy), Visochitsa (Yugoslavia), Mochokh (Dagestan), and Zeravshan (Central Asia) rivers have convincingly demonstrated that such geologic phenomena are not peculiar solely to past epochs and catastrophic earthquakes,but constitute consequences of the geologic development of the upper part of the earth's crest.Despite the long-standing problem of stability for high slopes, no experimental study of the magnitude and distribution of stresses has been made for massifs of heterogeneous fractured rocks. At the same time, application of the various methods and model studies of stability is not justified on the basis of shear resistance data alone, without data on the magnitude and distribution of stresses within the rocks of the slopes. Serious errors have been made when hydrostatic stress distribution was used in determining the stress state within the sloping rock massif; these errors increased in the instance of high slopes in rocks of a complex geology.A lmowledge of stress state and its zonation in high-slope rocks is necessary not only in substantiated calculations and modelling, Many practical engineering and geomechanical problems call for a knowledge of stress distribution in the rock massif and of the zones of stress concentration and relaxation. As an example, scientifically substantiated selection of typical sites for field experiments in determining strength and deformation properties of rocks, their resilience, rock pressure, etc., particularly for hard and fractured rocks, is possible only with an understanding of their stress state. In that event, geomechanical experiments for relating the strength and deformation properties of the massif to its stress state, based on the data of stress distribution within the massif, are carried out prior to the complex and laborious field experiments.Stress state in the rock massif under natural conditions is set up by many natural factors; its magnitude and distribution vary greatly, depending on the geologic media of their operation. Human activity also affects the distribution of stresses, rearranging in many instances the natural stresses.The following are among the factors responsible for the manner in which stresses operate within the highslope rock massifs, particularly those situated in the folded and seismic provinces of complex geology: a) genetic and petrographic rock complexes, their composition, facies, and other inhomogeneities, texture, stratification, and position; b) tectonic deformations-faults, folds, crushing, and fracturing; c) primary fractures (lithogenetic and those produced by cooling, etc.) and the secondary ones (exogenous), superimposed on the primary ones, and tectonic; d) underground waters (including se...

The purpose: to consider modern concepts of epidemiology, biological characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, principles of therapy and prevention of human papillomavirus infection.Basic provisions. In the last decade, there has been a steady increase in diseases associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). The prevalence of human papillomavirus infection of the genitals in the world has increased more than 10 times, it is found in 13 % of the population. Cervical cancer remains one of the most common forms of HPV-associated malignancy in women. About 570 thousand new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed in the world every year, while the increase in incidence over the past 10 years was 7.8 %, and mortality was 13.1 %. In recent years, scientists have paid close attention to the study of assessing the effect of HPV on the endometrium and the degree of its participation in the development of GGE. From the standpoint of the latest scientific data, the generality of the influence of HPV on any epithelium should be considered through the prism of squamous cell metaplasia. Currently, there are still many unsolved scientific and practical issues, primarily related to the regional characteristics of the prevalence of various types of HPV, which determines the direction of cervical screening, as well as clinical manifestations during coinfection, dictating the need for a differentiated approach to patient management tactics.Conclusion. A review of modern literature data indicates that most studies on various aspects of the influence of HPV on the reproductive health of women remain the subject of discussion, which dictates the need for further research.