Abstract:In the present paper, 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) has been evaluated as a melt cast explosive in comparison to the widely used 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The detonation failure diameter of a bare DNAN charge is greater than 100 mm and about 44 mm with 1.5 mm steel confinement. Comparative studies of two sets of formulations were carried out. The first set comprised formulations containing 60% of NTO, FOX-7, HMX or RDX and 40% of DNAN or TNT. The second set comprised formulations containing 30% of NTO, FOX-7, TATB or RDX and 70% of DNAN or TNT. The studies were mainly concentrated on characterization of the formulations, which included determination of the sensitivity parameters and the velocity of detonation (VOD). The study confirmed that DNAN and DNANbased formulations are relatively insensitive compared to TNT and the analogous TNT-based formulations respectively. The rate of the detonation reaction of DNAN is enhanced in the presence of the high energy ingredients RDX, HMX, FOX-7 and NTO to varying degrees. The VODs of the FOX-7/TNT and RDX/ TNT formulations match closely with the proportions of FOX-7 and RDX under study. The VOD and shock sensitivity of the FOX-7/DNAN formulations decrease rapidly compared to the RDX/DNAN formulations, with increases in the proportion of FOX-7 or RDX. The combinations of NTO with TNT, and NTO with DNAN, are more shock insensitive than TNT or DNAN alone. NTO-based compositions are more insensitive than FOX-7-based compositions.

Der EiduR des Dichtegradienten und der Porositkit a d die Leistung von druckgegossenen HMXITNT-HohlladungenPrikisions-Hohlladungen werden hergestellt unter Einsatz der Druck-GieBtechnik. Die Porositat und Lunker, die durch RBntgenaufnahmen in den Ladungen nicht nachgewiesen werden konnen, wurden die Leistung dieser Hohlladungen betrachtlich beeinflussen. Die Wirkung der Porosiat auf die Eigenschaften, wie Dichte, Detonationsgeschwindigkeit (VOD), CJ-Druck und Stachelgeschwindigkeit ist vorausgesagt worden. Dichteanderungen der Ladungen, die unter unterschiedlichen experimentellen Bedingungen hergestellt wurden, sind bestimmt und mit den in dieser Arbeit vorausgesagten Werten verglichen worden. L'influence du gradient de densit6 et de la prosit6 sur les performances de charges creuses HMX/TNT coulCes sous pressionDes charges creuses de precision sont fabriquees en utilisant la mkthode de coulee sous pression. La porosit6 et les vides, qui peuvent ne pas Ctre dttectes par des radiographies effectukes dans ces charges, pourraient avoir une influence considerable sur les performances de ces charges creuses. L'effet de la porosit6 sur les proprittks telles que la densite, la vitesse de detonation (VOD), la pression CJ et la vitesse de la pointe du jet a kt6 estim6. Les modifications de la densit6 des charges fabriqukes dans diffkrentes conditions experimentales sont dkterminees et comparees aux valeurs prevues dans ce travail. SummaryPrecision shaped charges are prepared adopting pressure casting technique. Porosity and voids in such charges which may not be detected by X-ray radiography would substantially effect the shaped charge performance. The effect of porosity on the parameters like density, VOD, CJ pressure and jet tip velocity have been predicted. Density variation in the charges prepared under different experimental conditions has been determined and compared with that of the predicted values in this paper.