The effect of ouabain and dihydroouabain on Na+‐K+ ATPase, 86Rb uptake and the release of [14C]ACh (acetylcholine) from synaptosomal preparations of guinea pigs was compared. At low concentrations of glycoside (<50 μm) there was a good correlation between the potency of ouabain and of dihydroouabain in inhibiting Na+‐K+ ATPase and in causing the release of [l4C]ACh in a nondepolarising medium. Ouabain (200 μM) increased the release of [14C]ACh evoked by 25 mm‐KCl, but not that evoked by 100μm‐veratrine. The enhancement of release was independent of the presence of calcium. It was observed that in addition to [14C]ACh release, choline efflux was also stimulated by ouabain, independently of the presence of Ca2+. Experiments with hemicholinium‐3 showed that the ouabain‐induced increase in choline efflux was not due to an inhibition of reuptake. The effect of ouabain on intrasynaptosomal K+ concentration was measured in order to investigate the degree of depolarisation it caused. The decrease in K+ was found to be similar in magnitude and time course to that caused by veratrine. It was shown that ouabain‐induced depolarisation caused an increased efflux of another positive ion (dibenzyldimethylammonium chloride) and retention of a negatively charged ion (chloride), as would be expected from the operation of the electrochemical potential gradient changing as a result of depolarisation. It is suggested that ouabain acts to stimulate ACh release from synaptosomes as follows: following blockage of the Na+‐K+ ATPase there is rapid depolarisation which, if Ca2+ is present, provokes the normal Ca2+‐dependent transmitter release process to occur. In addition, depolarisation accelerates the leakage of positive ions down their electrochemical potential gradient, but causes a retention of negative ions. Such an action does not depend on the presence of Ca2+, nor is it specific to transmitters.

Treatment of old rats, for two to three weeks, with pyrithioxin led to an increase in the levels of endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) in the cortex and the striatum but not in the hippocampus. Pretreatment of old rats with pyrithioxin also increased the resting release and the K+‐stimulated release of radioactive ACh from brain slices in vitro.

The world is in an immediate need of treatment for coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). Chronic exposure of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID‐19 may have multiple adverse effects on human physiology, such as cardiac arrhythmias. Natural compounds need to be evaluated as treatment and preventive agents in coronavirus infection. A total of 30 compounds of Solanum tuberosum and Brassica juncea residue smoke water were selected for the virtual screening against SARS‐CoV‐1, SARS‐CoV‐2 and cellular proteins involved in the mechanism of infection. Docking analysis identified lead molecules with favorable binding energy, number of poses and hydrogen bond interactions, which indicates the effective modulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors. Results indicated (a) curcumenol, (b) N ‐desmethylselegiline, (c) phentermine and (d) sphingolipid derivatives as a selective and potent candidates in comparison to hydroxychloroquine for COVID‐19 treatment. Our in silico findings, therefore, warrant further in vitro validations of the selected compounds for the discovery of novel preventive and therapeutic drug against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.

This data article comprises of the total LC-MS QTOF analysis of smoke water prepared from potato and mustard crop residue. LC-MS QTOF analysis revealed a total of 39 compounds from potato crop residue smoke water, whereas mustard crop residue smoke water exhibited 42 compounds. Molecular formula, mass, RT (retention time) and Area are described in the data presented here. Additionally, different database ID of the identified compounds are mentioned in the data table of potato and mustard crop residue smoke water.