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SUMMARYThe predictions of a simplified theory of anemometers are compared with observation. The theoretical response of cup and vane anemometers to steady and varying flows are derived analytically It is found that the mean indicated windspeed can be overestimated by as much as 20 per cent and that and by using an analogue computer.the form of fluctuations is distorted and their amplitude considerably reduced.

The survival of the crack in structures always keeps the structure away from performing well in applications due to significant changes in its dynamic response. It has been observed that in service the size of the crack in structures increases with time and finally it leads to its catastrophic failure. Hence it is crucial to do the vibration study of cracked beams in regard of free vibration-based crack detection and its crack classification. Until now the vibration-based nondestructive testing methods are applied to many spring steel cracked cantilever beams for its possible crack detection. However, the effect of various kinds of practical cracks, i.e. V-shaped, U-shaped and rectangular-shaped open cracks, on the applicability of these methods has been overlooked. In order to investigate this issue, artificially cracks are made on the cantilever beam. By free vibration analysis, the effect of crack geometry, crack depth, and crack location on the beam stiffness is investigated. In this study, the stiffness of each cracked case is computed by the deflection methods and vibration methods to ensure the strong validation. The stiffness results obtained from V-shaped, U-shaped and rectangular-shaped crack models for the same configuration are compared with each other and it is found that the results of the stiffness are comparatively more sensitive to U-shaped crack models. Through vibration study, it is found that spring steel structures are slightly sensitive to the change in crack geometries as long as the vibration characteristics are concerned. Hence, it is obvious that free vibration-based crack detection method can satisfactorily predict the location and depth of the crack in any spring steel structures irrespective of the crack geometries. Apart from this, it is also found that for the same configurations, EN 8 and EN 47 cracked cantilever beams give the identical structural integrity or structural stability property for all the cracked cases. Lastly, it is also found that as the crack depth increases by keeping the crack location constant, the stiffness of the beam decreases.

This paper focuses on characterization of Hydroxyapatite coated SS316 L using Pulse vapour deposition method. The target material (Hydroxyapatite) has been synthesised chemically in laboratory through the addition of (NH4)2HPO4 with Ca (NO3)24H2O solution. This mixture has been converted in to circular blocks through various processes as explained below and coated over the stainless steel substrate. The morphological characteristics of the coating and surface roughness analysis have done through SEM and AFM. Also the hardness and corrosion resistance of the coating are examined. It has been found that improved hardness when compared with SS316L (175 Hv) to Hydroxyapatite (245 Hv) coated SS316 L. Also the results of corrosion resistance test after 250 Hrs of experiment found that formation of red rust is attained for uncoated samples where as Hydroxyapatite coated samples remains unchanged.

-Experimental studies were conducted in a spiral plate heat exchanger with hot water as the service fluid and the two-phase system of water -palm oil in different mass fractions and flow rates as the cold process fluid. The two phase heat transfer coefficients were correlated with Reynolds numbers (Re) in the form h = a Re m , adopting an approach available in literature for two phase fluid flow. The heat transfer coefficients were also related to the mass fraction of palm oil for identical Reynolds numbers. The two-phase multiplier (ratio of the heat transfer coefficient of the two phase fluid and that of the single phase fluid) was correlated with the Lockhart Martinelli parameter in a polynomial form. This enables prediction of the twophase coefficients using single-phase data. The predicted coefficients showed a spread of ± 10 % in the laminar range.