ObjectiveThe present study was conducted to investigate the impacts of active and passive immunization against synthetic inhibin and steroid-free bovine follicular fluid, respectively, on reproductive fecundity out of breeding season in Iraqi Awassi ewes.MethodsFollicular fluid was aspired from mature bovine follicles, treated with activated charcoal, and used for immunization of male rabbits for obtaining steroid free bovine follicular fluid (SFBFF) antiserum. Forty non-pregnant Awassi ewes were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10 each). At day 38 of experiment, ewes were treated with intra-vaginal MPA sponge (60 mg for 12 days). At days 0, 28, and 50, ewes were treated with 4, 2, and 2 mL of normal saline (control; C-ve), 400, 200, and 200 μg of ovalbumin (C+ve), 400, 200 and 200 μg of inhibin (SI group), respectively, and 4 mL of normal saline at day 0, and 4 and 2 mL of SFBFF antiserum at days 28 and 50, respectively, (AI group). After mating with Awassi rams, pregnancy and embryo number were diagnosed, at day 38 of pregnancy, using ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected at days 30, 60, 90, and 120 of pregnancy, for assessment of estradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels. After parturition, numbers of delivered lambs were recorded.ResultsThe results revealed significant increase of P4 and significant decrease of E2 levels in SI and AI pregnant ewes than controls at days 30, 60, 90, and 120. Newborn number increased significantly in SI and AI treated than control ewes.ConclusionActive or passive immunization against endogenous inhibin could augment reproductive fecundity out of breeding season in Iraqi Awassi ewes.

LIterAture reVIew ChemiCal Composition Thyme (Thymus Vulgaris L.) is a main medicinal plant which belongs to the Lamiaceae family (Masada, 1976). Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methyl phenol) and thymol (5-methyl-1-2-isopropyl phenol) are the main phenolic components in Thymus vulgaris,which form about 20

The current study aimed to examine the effect of steroid-free bovine follicular fluid (SFBFF) antiserum on ovarian immunohistochemical expression levels of 17β Estradiol in cyclic virgin female rats. After estrus synchronization, 80 adult virgin female Wistar rats (aged 60 days and weighed 156±4.82 g) were randomly assigned into two equal groups (40 females each) and injected intrperitoneally, at late metestrous, with 100 µl of normal saline (control) and 100 µl of SFBFF antiserum (AI-SFBFF group). At each phase of the estrus cycle, 10 females from each group were anesthetized (by injection of 0.4 ml of thiopental sod./ animal), dissected and the ovaries were obtained for determination of immunohistochemical expression density of 17β Estradiol. Ovarian examination of AI-SFBFF group females demonstrated slight increase of estradiol immunohistochemical density at proestrus and mark increase at estrus and metestrus phases. It could be concluded that immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin by SFBFF antiserum results in high levels of estradiol actions in reproductive organs.

The current work designed to explore the porpolis potential on some characters related with fertility in Iraqi local roosters. Thirty mature white local roosters, age between 27-28 weeks, randomly distributed into three groups (n=10). Treatment 1 (T1) group, control group, taken the standard diet during the research period (ten weeks), each rooster of treatment 2 & 3 (T 2 & T 3) received 0.25 & 0.5 g/day of propolis, respectively. At ten weeks ending, blood samples obtained from vein of wing to evaluate the levels of cholesterol, globulin, albumin, total protein, testosterone hormone, Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) and Follicle-stimulating Hormone (FSH) in serum. Roosters were euthanized and testes collected to determine their length, weight, width and height. Roosters of T 2 and T 3 groups' showed a significant elevation in morphological measurements of testes compared to control group (T1) (P<0.05). In addition, the values of serum globulin, protein, testosterone hormone, ICSH and FSH raised significantly in T 3 and T 2 roosters compared to T 1 group (P<0.05). We can conclude that the Iraqiporpolis plays a vital role in fertility efficiency because its ability to reduce oxidative stress and act as a phytoestrogens leading to improve the testicular size and weight, as well as, enhance the reproductive hormones in Iraqi local roosters.

This study was carried out on 26/5/2019 until 17/6/2019 At local hatchery (College of Agriculture / University of Karbala), to investigate of Different spraying protocols on the eggs of local chicken with the eggs of local chicken with different solutions at variant periods on embryonic mortality during incubation period and on the hatchability of setting eggs. 600 eggs (55 g weight ) used in this study from local chicken divided into three groups each group sub divided into 5 groups spraying by distilled water, olive oil, ethanol alcohol 70%, egg albumen and not treated groups that represented as GW, GO,GE,GC. first group G1 (n = 120) was sprayed at the first day of incubation period, the second group G2 was spraying at beginning of the 2nd week of incubation at aged 7 days, the third group G3 in which the eggs was sprayed at the beginning of 3rd week of incubation at aged 14 days. The results recorded significant reduction of early embryonic mortality in G1 and GC The statistical analysis of the in all groups spraying by ethanol alcohol GE, water group GW and control groups GC. At 14 days of the incubation period, there were no significant differences. At 15-21 days of incubation period, late Embryonic mortality was not recorded in groups treated olive oil, water and albumen when compared with groups treated with alcohol or control. Conclusion, that spraying Iraqi local eggs with water and olive oil at 14 days of incubation period caused high percentages of hatchability of setting and fertilized eggs recorded 100% compared with different materials that used in current research.