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To evaluate the Smear layer generated by three rotary instrumentation techniques Thirty single-rooted freshly extracted teeth were selected for this study, teeth were decoronated at the level of CEJ (Cemento enamel junction) and were divided into three groups for cleaning and shaping of root canals, group I (protaper gold) group II (M two) group III (Hyflex EDM) After splitting the roots longitudinally, the Smear layer generated by each instrument for each root canal was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and the data obtained was statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Instrumentation with Protaper gold (Group 1) showed the maximum amount of Smear layer generation followed by Hyflex EDM (Group 3) files and VDW Mtwo (Group 2) showed the least values of Smear layer generation. Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that Mtwo (group 2) showed better results in removing the Smear layer than Protaper gold and Hyflex EDM file systems.

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