Zusammenfassung ▼ Hintergrund: In Deutschland leiden ca. 5-8 Millionen Menschen an chronischen Schmerzen. Dies kostet den Staat ca. 20 Milliarden €/Jahr. Eine wenig untersuchte nichtmedikamentöse Schmerztherapie stellt die Anwendung von Leistungslasern dar. Material und Methoden: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit von Ultraschallanwendungen im Vergleich zu Leistungslaser hinsichtlich der Schmerzintensität untersucht. Es wurden 20 Patienten des Instituts für Physiotherapie des Universitätsklinikums Jena rekrutiert, die unter Beschwerden der LWS oder der Schulterregion litten. Die Studienteilnehmer wurden nach einem Cross-over-Design randomisiert und 2 Wochen mit Ultraschall bzw. Laser behandelt. Danach erhielten sie die jeweils andere Therapie. Es erfolgte nun ein Follow-up von 4 Wochen. Ergebnisse: Beide Therapieformen reduzierten die regionale Schmerzintensität deutlich. Bei der separaten Analyse zeigte sich, dass Laser gegenüber Ultraschall in Bezug auf die Schmerzintensität eine größere Wirksamkeit erzielt. Diskussion: Die Absenkung der regionalen Schmerzen konnte erwartet werden. Die Ursache für Vorteile bei Laserbehandlungen liegen weiter im Verborgenen. Es sollte aber Beachtung fi nden, dass der Laser eine merkliche Wärmewirkung und einen gewissen "exotischen" oder modernen Charakter gegenüber der etablierten Ultraschallanwendung hat. Es kann somit eine zumindest teilweise Plazebowirkung nicht ausgeschlossen werden. Der Vergleich mit anderen Studien in dieser Kombination ist schwierig, weil sich die Datenlage als sehr dünn darstellt. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Monothermotherapie mit Laser oder Ultraschall kann bei akuter Exazerbation chronischer Schmerzgeschehen geeignet sein, eine Schmerzreduktion zu erzielen. Laseranwendungen zeigen dabei eine stärkere Wirkung.Abstract ▼ Background: About 5-8 million people in Germany suff er from chronic pain. This costs the state about 20 billion € per year. An insuffi cient investigated non-pharmacological pain treatment is the application of high-intensity lasers. Materials and Methods: The present study analyzed and compared the eff ectiveness of ultrasound applications in comparison to high-intensity laser regarding to the outcome measure of pain intensity. There were 20 patients recruited at the Institute of Physiotherapy of the university hospital of Jena, who suff ered from disorders of the lumbar spine or the shoulder region. Study participants were randomized after a cross-over design and treated for 2 weeks with ultrasound or high-intensity laser. Then they switched and received the other therapy. After the intervention was a follow-up of 4 weeks. Results: Both therapies signifi cantly reduced the intensity of regional pain. The separate analysis showed that the high-intensity laser achieved greater eff ectiveness compared to ultrasound in terms of pain intensity. No diff erences were observed in terms of functionality and quality of life. Discussion: The reduction of regional pain could be expected. The cause of advantages in high-intensity laser t...
Ultrasound (US) is the most important imaging method for the assessment of structural disorders of the thyroid. A precise volume determination is relevant for therapy planning and outcome monitoring. However, the accuracy of 2D-US is limited, especially in cases of organ enlargements and deformations. Software-based “stitching” of separately acquired 3D-US data revealed precise volume determination in thyroid phantoms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of 3D-US stitching in patients with structural thyroid disease. A total of 31 patients from the clinical routine were involved, receiving conventional 2D-US (conUS), sensor-navigated 3D-US (3DsnUS), mechanically-swept 3D-US (3DmsUS), and I-124-PET/CT as reference standard. Regarding 3DsnUS and 3DmsUS, separately acquired 3D-US images (per thyroid lobe) were merged to one comprehensive data set. Subsequently, anatomical correctness of the stitching process was analysed via secondary image fusion with the I-124-PET images. Volumetric determinations were conducted by the ellipsoid model (EM) on conUS and CT, and manually drawn segmental contouring (MC) on 3DsnUS, 3DmsUS, CT, and I-124-PET/CT. Mean volume of the thyroid glands was 44.1 ± 25.8 mL (I-124-PET-MC = reference). Highly significant correlations (all p < 0.0001) were observed for conUS-EM (r = 0.892), 3DsnUS-MC (r = 0.988), 3DmsUS-MC (r = 0.978), CT-EM (0.956), and CT-MC (0.986), respectively. The mean volume differences (standard deviations, limits of agreement) in comparison with the reference were −10.50 mL (±11.56 mL, −33.62 to 12.24), −3.74 mL (±3.74 mL, −11.39 to 3.78), and 0.62 mL (±4.79 mL, −8.78 to 10.01) for conUS-EM, 3DsnUS-MC, and 3DmsUS-MC, respectively. Stitched 3D-US data sets of the thyroid enable accurate volumetric determination even in enlarged and deformed organs. The main limitation of high time expenditure may be overcome by artificial intelligence approaches.
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