The aim of the study was to specify the age and gender features of the ascending and descending colon location in children and adolescents based on computed tomography scans.Material and methods. The study included computed tomography scans of the abdomen of 75 children without visible pathology of the abdominal organs. All human subjects were divided into 4 age groups: the period of early childhood, the period of the first childhood, the period of the second childhood, adolescence. They were exposed to 16- slice computed tomography followed by analysis specifying distances between the ascending and descending colons and the median sagittal plane. The data obtained were subjected to variational statistical processing, the mean value (M), standard error (m) and the significance of differences according to Student's t-test were defined.Results. The results obtained demonstrated that the maximum values of the distances between the ascending colon and the median sagittal plane were determined at the LIII–LV levels in children of the 1st group, at the LV level in children of the 2nd group, at the LIV level in children of the 3rd group and at the LIII–LIV levels in children the 4th group. The minimum values of the studied parameters were found at the LI level in boys of the 1st group and girls of the 2nd group. The minimum value of the parameter was defined at the LII level in the rest of the examined children. The maximum distances between the descending colon and the median sagittal plane were defined at the LI–LII levels in children of the 1st and 2nd groups, and at the LII–LIII levels in children of the 3rd and 4th groups. The minimum value of the parameter was at the LV level in the examined children of groups 1 and 2, and at the LI and LV levels in the examined children of groups 3 and 4.Conclusion. A significant increase in the average distance from the median sagittal plane to the ascending and descending colons was detected in each group compared to the previous one. Significant differences in the distance from the median sagittal plane to the ascending and descending colons among girls and boys of the same age have not been revealed in any of the age groups.

The aim of the study was to establish the age and sex patterns of the topography of the ascending and descending colons of children and adolescents according to intravital imaging data. Material and methods. Computed tomograms of the abdomen of 88 children and adolescents without visible abdominal organs pathology were analyzed. The surveyedwere divided into 4 age groups: periods of early, first and second childhood, adolescence. The study was performed on 16-slice computed tomographs with the determination of the distances from the ascending and descending colon to the surface of the body, neighboring organs and anatomical structures of the abdomen, skeletotopia. The data obtained were subjected to variation-statistical processing with the determination of the median, the values of the 25th and 75th percentiles and the significance of differences according to the Mann – Whitney U test. Results and discussion. The article presents the topographic and anatomical characteristics of the ascending and descending colons of children and adolescents and establishes the patterns of change, taking into account the sex and age of the examined. Conclusions. A significant increase in the distance from the ascending colon to the right ureter, jejunum and ileum, and quadratus lumborum was determined. The distance from the body surface to the ascending colon increased with age along all the studied lines. The proximal part of the ascending colon among all those examined was mostly defined from the intervertebral disc LIV–LV to the intervertebral disc LV–SI, and the hepatic flexure of the colon was defined at the level from LI to the intervertebral disc LII–LIII. A significant increase in the distance from the descending colon to the left ureter, pancreas and quadratus lumborum was found. The distance from the body surface to the descending colon increased with age along the anterior median, left middle axillary, and left scapular lines. The splenic flexure of the colon was located at the level from LI to the intervertebral disc LI–LII, and the distal part of the descending colon was located at the level from LIV to the intervertebral disc LIV–LV.

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The aim of the study is to define age and gender regularities of the linear morphometric parameters of the liver in children and adolescents on the basis of intravital imaging findings.Material and methods. The authors analyzed computed tomograms of the abdominal cavity in 75 children without visible pathology. All patients were divided into 4 groups depending on their age: early childhood, first childhood, second childhood, adolescence. The transverse, anteroposterior and vertical dimensions of the right and left hepatic lobes were investigated on 16-slice computed tomographs. The obtained findings were processed using variational statistical analysis, the mean value (M), standard error (m) and the statistical significance were defined using the Student's t-test.Results. There was a significant increase in the anteroposterior size of the right hepatic lobe in separate sections at different age periods. A statistical significance between the parameters of the anteroposterior size of the right hepatic lobe was registered in girls and boys within the following groups: on one section in the 2nd group of patients, on two sections in the 4th group of patients. A statistical significance between the parameters of the transverse size of the right hepatic lobe was registered on one section (ThXII) in the 2nd and 3rd groups, and on two (ThXI and LI) and three (ThXI, ThXII and LI) sections in the 3rd and 4th groups of girls and boys, respectively. A statistical significance between the parameters of the transverse size of the right hepatic lobe in girls and boys were recorded only in the 4th group on three sections (ThXI, ThXII and LI). The vertical size of the right hepatic lobe was significantly higher in the 2nd and 4th groups, and the differences in the parameters between girls and boys were noted only among adolescents. A significant increase in the anteroposterior size of the left hepatic lobe was registered only in girls of the 2nd and 3rd groups on two sections (ThXII and LI); a significant increase in the transverse size was only registered at the LI level in these groups of patients. A significant increase in the vertical size of the left hepatic lobe was only detected in girls of the first childhood compared with girls of the early childhood. No statistical significance was registered for any of the linear parameters of the left hepatic lobe between girls and boys of the same groups.Conclusion. Thus, there was a significant increase in the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the right hepatic lobe in separate sections and an increase in the vertical size between individual groups of the studied patients, as well as a statistical significance between girls and boys of the same group. A significant increase in the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the left hepatic lobe was detected only in girls of the 2nd and 3rd groups if compared with the girls of the 1st group. No significant differences were registered between girls and boys of the same groups for any of the linear parameters of the left hepatic lobe.

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