The aim of the study is to define age and gender regularities of the linear morphometric parameters of the liver in children and adolescents on the basis of intravital imaging findings.Material and methods. The authors analyzed computed tomograms of the abdominal cavity in 75 children without visible pathology. All patients were divided into 4 groups depending on their age: early childhood, first childhood, second childhood, adolescence. The transverse, anteroposterior and vertical dimensions of the right and left hepatic lobes were investigated on 16-slice computed tomographs. The obtained findings were processed using variational statistical analysis, the mean value (M), standard error (m) and the statistical significance were defined using the Student's t-test.Results. There was a significant increase in the anteroposterior size of the right hepatic lobe in separate sections at different age periods. A statistical significance between the parameters of the anteroposterior size of the right hepatic lobe was registered in girls and boys within the following groups: on one section in the 2nd group of patients, on two sections in the 4th group of patients. A statistical significance between the parameters of the transverse size of the right hepatic lobe was registered on one section (ThXII) in the 2nd and 3rd groups, and on two (ThXI and LI) and three (ThXI, ThXII and LI) sections in the 3rd and 4th groups of girls and boys, respectively. A statistical significance between the parameters of the transverse size of the right hepatic lobe in girls and boys were recorded only in the 4th group on three sections (ThXI, ThXII and LI). The vertical size of the right hepatic lobe was significantly higher in the 2nd and 4th groups, and the differences in the parameters between girls and boys were noted only among adolescents. A significant increase in the anteroposterior size of the left hepatic lobe was registered only in girls of the 2nd and 3rd groups on two sections (ThXII and LI); a significant increase in the transverse size was only registered at the LI level in these groups of patients. A significant increase in the vertical size of the left hepatic lobe was only detected in girls of the first childhood compared with girls of the early childhood. No statistical significance was registered for any of the linear parameters of the left hepatic lobe between girls and boys of the same groups.Conclusion. Thus, there was a significant increase in the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the right hepatic lobe in separate sections and an increase in the vertical size between individual groups of the studied patients, as well as a statistical significance between girls and boys of the same group. A significant increase in the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the left hepatic lobe was detected only in girls of the 2nd and 3rd groups if compared with the girls of the 1st group. No significant differences were registered between girls and boys of the same groups for any of the linear parameters of the left hepatic lobe.

The aim of the study is to investigate changes in the renal topography in the supine and lateral position of the patient in order to further improve the preoperative planning of laparoscopic operations in kidney masses.Material and methods. The study included 35 patients with a simple renal cyst, who underwent computed tomography in the supine position and on the healthy side (operating position). To assess the topography, the authors have proposed the following coordinate system: on axial computed tomograms performed with the patient in the supine and lateral position, the OY axis was drawn across the spinous process and the middle of the vertebral body, the OX axis was perpendicular, and went across the most posterior point of the spinal foramen. CT-grams were assessed using RadiAnt DICOM Viewer program. Results. The study defined morphometric features of the renal displacement medially and anteriorly, as well as cranially or caudally. There was a greater mobility of the left kidney compared with the right kidney. The least mobile was the upper third of the kidney on each side, the middle third of the kidney was more mobile at the level of the hilum, and the greatest displacement was noted in the lower third of the kidney. When patients being in the lateral position, the left kidney was more often displaced downward (caudally) – in 83% of cases, the right kidney was equally often displaced cranially (53% of cases) and caudally - 47%. In all cases of the patient's lateral position, the displacement of the kidney was accompanied by deformation of its vascular pedicle. Conclusion. The data obtained must be taken into account in preoperative planning, when performing laparoscopic kidney surgery.