From 1998 to 2010 32 patients (14 men, 18 women), aged 15-65 years, underwent surgical treatment for old Achilles tendon rupture. In all cases correct diagnosis was made not earlier than 1 month after injury. The importance of clinical Thompson test and sonographic examination for diagnosis of Achilles tendon rupture is underlined. For the restoration of Achilles tendon V-Y plasty was used. Surgery was performed in a period of 1 to 13 months in patients with subcutaneous Achilles tendon ruptures. Follow-up results of patients in the postoperative period ranged from 6 months to 10 years (mean follow-up 1 year 7 months). Date of observation in the postoperative period ranged from 6 months to 19 years. Marginal necrosis wound occurred in 3 (10%) patients, re-rupture of the Achilles tendon to tendon suture zone - in one patient, even in one patient on day 14 became infected. Violations of the foot innervation were no detected.
Травмы стопы и голеностопного сустава имеют высокую распространенность среди населения. Анестезиологическое обеспечение оперативного лечения таких травм представляет отдельную проблему из за высокой продолжительности операции, выраженности послеоперационного болевого синдрома. Важной особенностью тяжелой травмы стопы являет ся нарушение регионарной гемодинамики вследствие развития сосудистого спазма. Нами предложена методика ком плексной периоперационной аналгезии, основанная на сочетании спинномозговой анестезии и парентерального введения синтетического аналога L энкефалина (даларгин). Интраоперационно даларгин вводился внутривенно, в послеопераци онном периоде -внутримышечно в сочетании с кеторолаком. Обследовано 42 пациента. По сравнению с контролем от мечено продление эффективной спинномозговой анестезии, снижение интенсивности послеоперационного болевого син дрома по данным визуальной аналоговой шкалы, повышение порогов болевой чувствительности по результатам электросенсометрии, улучшение регионарной гемодинамики и микроциркуляции по данным ультразвуковой допплеро графии и электротермометрии кожи стопы. Стресс -лимитирующее действие препарата проявилось, в том числе, умень шением по сравнению с контролем лейкоцитоза и нейтрофильного сдвига лейкоцитарной формулы в послеоперационном периоде, отсутствием эпизодов гипергликемии. Предложенная методика позволяет повысить продолжительность аналге тического эффекта спинальной анестезии, избежать назначения в послеоперационном периоде наркотических аналгети ков, улучшить исходы хирургического лечения за счет нормализации регионарной гемодинамики и профилактики ише мии тканей. Ключевые слова: травма стопы и голеностопного сустава, спинальная анестезия, даларгин.
Trauma of foot and an
Study results for 71 patients (mean age 58.3±3.4 years) who were operated on for the injury of shoulder joint, upper and middle humerus are presented. Surgical intervention was performed under regional anesthesia. Block of superficial cervical plexus and intercostobrachial nerve was applied in all cases. Additionally in the main group (n=37) two-level block of brachial plexus (BBP): interscalene blockade in complex with supraclavicular one was used, in control group (n=34) — one-level block, i.e. either interscalene or supraclavicular was performed. Pain syndrome was assessed by visual analogue scale. It was shown that in surgical interventions on proximal upper extremity two-level BBP provided higher quality of anesthetic effect and postoperative analgesia, enabled to decrease the expenditure of opioid analgesics within the first postoperative day and, hence, the risk of related side effects development. Number of complications was not significantly different between the two groups.
Results of the comparative study of the efficacy and safety of one- and two-level brachial plexus block (BPB) at locking intramedullary shoulder osteosynthesis are presented. Fifty five patients (mean age 43.4±3.2 years) with humeral diaphysis fracture were operated on. In the main group of patients (n=28) two-level BPB was performed: interscalene block was combined with supraclavicular brachial plexus block and superficial brachial plexus block (SBPB). In control group (n=27) one-level interscalene and superficial BPB and SBPB were performed. Severity of pain syndrome was assessed by visual analog scale. It was shown that two-level BPB ensured better anesthetic, postoperative analgesic effect and higher percent of successful regional anesthesias as well as decreased the requirement in narcotic analgesics on the first postoperative day. The number of complications did not differ significantly between the groups.
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