The features of refractory lining’s wear of “ladle – furnace” unit at work on metallurgical mini-plant with intensive stirring of liquid metal by gas and electromagnetic field is studied. It was established that the most affected areas are slag zone, ladle’s bottom, as well as side wall, near which the electromagnetic stirrer is located. The stability of these areas determines the duration of the ladle working between repairs. Recommendations for recovery of the lining’s working layer have been developed. Also, there are formulated the requirements for rationalization of melt stirring modes. Theoretical studying of influence of electromagnetic stirring on heat & mass transfer processes in liquid metal bath of metallurgical aggregates (in particular, during homogenization of alloy in free turbulence mode at input of additives) was investigated. New electromagnetic stirrer was designed in the PTIMA NASU, and it is proposed for technologies of melting and finishing of alloys. The stirrer creates the pulsating magnetic field, and its force lines spread equally intensively both in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is shown that design of developed stirrer, its power supply by industrial frequency 50 Hz, and physical nature of the generated field’s action provide the simplicity of its making and operation. So, new stirrer has essential technical, economic and technological advantages in comparison with known stirrers of travelling magnetic field at the same parameters of electromagnetic systems. Joint research performed by specialists of the PTIMA NASU and IED NASU with using mathematical modeling and experiments on aluminum melt showed the following. It is possible to realize a wide range of stirring modes, both intensity and melt movement directions. Thus, the application of developed electromagnetic stirrer in the “ladle – furnace” units will allow to significantly expand the possibilities for finishing liquid alloys on chemical composition and temperature, especially at small metallurgical plants.

Based on the global trends in the metallurgy, the features of the further development of technologies for the cast metal productions are predicted. At the same time, there is considered the constant tightening of requirements for energy and resource saving, environmental and work safety, with the simultaneous need to improve the quality of casting, widening the range of obtained alloys and products from them. Also, ensuring reliable operation and expanding the functional capabilities of “ladle – furnace” units has particular importance, since they provide the complex out-of-furnace processing of melts, including averaging on temperature and chemical composition (at alloying and modifying too), removal gases and non-metallic inclusions, etc. It is noted that for the successful implementation of the listed technological operations, “ladle – furnace” units are equipped with additional devices and systems for heating the melt, vacuuming, blowing with inert gas (argon) and electromagnetic stirring. A comparative analysis of different methods of liquid metal stirring (by gas blowing and under the action of an external alternating electromagnetic field) showed that electromagnetic stirring is more effective and appropriate, especially at manufacturing relatively small batches of high-quality and special alloys on metallurgical mini- mills. At that, the most common at metallurgical enterprises and among research developments are electromagnetic stirrers of travelling magnetic field.There are indicated that applications of such stirrers have certain limitations due to physical characteristics. It relates to the need (in most cases) to supply them with a low frequency, making changes to the design of operating metallurgical aggregates for installation of the stirrer, as well as with not always rational hydrodynamic modes of melt stirring.The requirements concerning the development and application of electromagnetic stirrers for “ladle – furnace” units were formulated. Such devices should be simpler in design and operation, ensuring their long-term reliable working at obtaining a wide range of high-quality alloys. Keywords: “ladle – furnace” unit, metallic melt, gas blowing, electromagnetic stirring.

нений. Во-первых, футеровку конвертеров повсеместно стали изготавливать из периклазоуглеродистых огнеупоров. Это, в сочетании с дифференцированной выкладкой кирпичей, позволило повысить стойкость C о времени обретения Украиной независимости сталеплавильное производство и, особенно, конвертерный способ выплавки стали как в мире, так и в Украине, претерпели ряд значительных изме

The article highlights the problem of increasing the level of flue gas filtration at industrial enterprises using the example of the metallurgical industry with the determination of technologically possible ways to increase the level of sulfur removal from gaseous emissions into the atmosphere. This can prevent occupational risks for employees of enterprises due to the reduction of the harmful effects of the components of industrial emissions on occupational health. Increasing the level of understanding of the impact of technological parameters on the target result opens up opportunities for organizing a more balanced and stable flue gas cleaning process. This, in turn, increases the ability of factories to comply with sanitary standards and prevent emergencies of a man-made nature when the maximum permissible concentrations of harmful components in gaseous emissions are exceeded. Solving this problem is possible when using mathematical modeling based on determining the relationship between the level of sulfur removal and the technological indicators of the desulfurization process. Regression analysis was used as a method for building a mathematical model. At the same time, the construction of a multifactorial mathematical model was carried out, based on the industrial parameters of the production of the metallurgical enterprise. The visualization of the obtained results is carried out by presenting the constructed mathematical model as three-dimensional graphs in the form of surfaces with the involvement of some of the technological indicators. The obtained results make it possible to optimize the production indicators to increase the efficiency of the desulfurization of gaseous emissions of the industrial enterprise. At the same time, additional aspects of the relationship between filtration indicators and the degree of purification from harmful components in flue gases are revealed, which allows to establish the most favorable process conditions and can be used not only in the metallurgical industry, but also in the thermal power industry. Keywords: industrial gases, desulfurization, labor hygiene, risks, occupational diseases, environmental safety.

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