Abstract. Convective gravity wave (GW) sources are spatially localized and emit at the same time waves with a wide spectrum of phase speeds. Any wave analysis therefore compromises between spectral and spatial resolution. Future satellite borne limb imagers will for a first time provide real 3-D volumes of observations. These volumes will be however limited which will impose further constraints on the analysis technique. In this study a three dimensional fewwave approach fitting sinusoidal waves to limited 3-D volumes is introduced. The method is applied to simulated GWs above typhoon Ewiniar and GW momentum flux is estimated from temperature fluctuations. Phase speed spectra as well as average profiles of positive, negative and net momentum fluxes are compared to momentum flux estimated by Fourier transform as well as spatial averaging of wind fluctuations. The results agree within 10-20 %. The few-wave method can also reveal the spatial orientation of the GWs with respect to the source. The relevance of the results for different types of measurements as well as its applicability to model data is discussed.

MRI was useful in differentiating enlarged lymph nodes abutting the pancreas initially diagnosed as cystic neoplasms on abdominal computed tomography.

The PHENIX Multiplicity Vertex Detector (MVD) provides event characterization, a centrality trigger, collision vertex position, and measures fluctuations in charged particle multiplicities. The design criteria include a large rapidity coverage, good azimuthal coverage and granularity, minimizing material in the electron arm acceptance, and minimizing costs. The MVD contains two concentric barrels of Si strip detectors with two disk-shaped Si pad detector endcaps. Simulations will show that the vertex position can be located to within a few hundred microns using hits in the barrels. A channel multiplicity signal is formed for use in the Level-1 trigger. The effect of the expected discriminator performance on this trigger signal will be shown. The pad and strip detectors are read-out with identical electronics. The influence of the performance of the electronics on the detector's performance will be discussed.