AimTo assess varicocele impact on the testicular size of infertile men in unilateral-associated or bilateral-associated cases. Patients and methods A total of 250 infertile men were investigated subdivided into; men with left-sided varicocele (n = 100), men with bilateral varicocele (n = 100), and men without varicocele (n = 50). They were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, scrotal color Doppler for testicular size, and semen analysis. Main outcome measures Testicular size(s) in relation to varicocele association. ResultsThere was a significant decrease in the mean testicular size in infertile men with unilateral or bilateral varicocele compared with infertile men without varicocele. Testicular volume discrepancy was more evident in infertile men with left-sided varicocele compared with infertile men with bilateral varicocele or without varicocele. ConclusionInfertile men with varicocele have a significant decrease in ipsilateral as well as total testicular size and significant increased testicular size discrepancy. a Significant difference from infertile men with left-sided varicocele. b Significant difference from infertile men with bilateral varicocele.Varicocele & testicular size Taha et al. 77

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