Purpose -This study aims to synthesise and characterise new reactive dyes based on thiazole derivatives which act as chromophoric moieties. These dyes were applied to cotton fabric, resulting in the dyed fabrics exhibiting good colour strength, light fastness and other fastness properties. The antibacterial activity of the dyed cotton fabric was evaluated against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Design/methodology/approach -The dyes were synthesised in two steps. First, the coupling compound was formed by adding H-acid solution to cyanuric chloride in an ice bath at pH 5 then adding 4-aminobenzenesulphonic acid portion-wise at room temperature and at pH 6-7. Second, different diazonium salts 4-phenylthiazol-2-amine (2a) and 4-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiazol-2-amine (2b) were coupled with the coupling compound at pH 5. The resultant monochlorotriazine (MCT)-reactive dyes (6a, 6b) were formed. The synthesised dyes were applied onto cotton fabric under typical exhaust dyeing conditions and their dyeing properties were investigated. Findings -High antimicrobial activity, dye exhaustion and fixation yield on cotton fabric were recorded for each dye. All dyes showed high stability against washing, rubbing, perspiration and light fastness. Research limitations/implications -Dyeing of cotton fabric with these dyes which have higher fastness, higher exhaustion and higher antibacterial activity is considered one of the most important reactive dyes species. Practical implications -The preparation procedure showed the synthesis of the novel MCT-reactive dyes derived from thiazole derivatives followed by the application of these dyes on cotton fabrics. Social implications -Use of reactive dyes will bring a number of benefits to society including higher fastness and higher antibacterial activity so, and these dyes can be used for dyeing cotton. Originality/value -In this work, the new reactive dyes derived from thiazole derivatives were synthesised and their structures were confirmed by the analytical and spectral data. Such compounds are considered to be excellent reactive dyes with different colour shades and higher antibacterial activity.

A NEW two reactive disperse dyes based on a hybrid structure of isatin and benzanthrone or anthraquinone via 1, 3, 5 triazine spacer were prepared. The prepared compounds were characterized by 1 H-NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The UV/vis absorption spectra and emission spectra were measured in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution at room temperature, the effects of substituent's on the emission spectra of these compounds were interpreted. The dyeing application of the prepared dyes on wool and polyamide-6 fabrics at various concentrations of dye and different pH were investigated as well as the exhaustion and dye fixation were studied. The antibacterial activity of the prepared reactive disperse dyes were studied against different kind of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria). The antibacterial affinity of the prepared dyes was exhibit a significant effect compared with selected antibiotics as reference standard. The fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were studied which showing excellent wash fastness, rubbing and perspiration fastness as well as high stability to light.

The aim of this study is synthesising, characterizing and finding out properties of some new bifunctional dye Bis (monochlorotriazine) (MCT) and heterobifunctional (monochlorotriazine / sulphatoethylsulphone) (MCT/SES) reactive dyes using Dimedone moiety (5,5-Dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione) to enhance favorable properties such as, color strength and light fastness. The first dye A was prepared then coupled with diazonium salts having the reactive groups. But the second dye B was synthesiezed of Dimedone moiety (2-amino4,4-dimethy,3-cyano,6-oxo-beno[b] thiophene) after that we diazotized and coupled it with 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulphonic acid (H-acid) to produce mono azo intermediate. This product was reacted with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine in 1:1 molar ratio via The aim of this study is synthesising, characterizing and finding out properties of some new bifunctional dye Bis (monochlorotriazine) (MCT) and heterobifunctional (monochlorotriazine / sulphatoethylsulphone) (MCT/SES) reactive dyes using Dimedone moiety (5,5-Dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione) to enhance favorable properties such as, color strength and light fastness. The first dye A was prepared then coupled with diazonium salts having the reactive groups. But the second dye B was synthesiezed of Dimedone moiety (2-amino4,4-dimethy,3-cyano,6-oxo-beno[b] thiophene) after that we diazotized and coupled it with 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6disulphonic acid (H-acid) to produce mono azo intermediate. By reacting this product with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine with 1:1 molar ratio via nucleophilic displacement with 1,4-phenylenediamine in 2:1 molar ratio to produce bis monochlorotriazine reactive dyes thus yielding the new reactive dye. These two dyes were applied onto fabrics of silk, cotton and wool under the optimum conditions of the dyeing exhaust, then the dyeing properties were examined. The results indicate quality of the highest dyeing properties. However, the homobifunctional (bis MCT) dyes showed higher values of exhaustion and fixation, fastness properties and color yield than heterobifunctional (MCT/SES).