Amitriptyline has a long history of effectiveness in treating depression. Due to its side effects, which include oxidative stress and anticholinergic effects, it is used less frequently. Ashwagandha is a substantial herb that has anti-depressant, antioxidant properties. The aim of study is to evaluate the effects of ashwagandha and amitriptyline on the oxidative state of acetylcholine esterase in rat salivary glands. Four groups of rats were created. Distilled water was given to group I (control), and group II received amitriptyline (10 mg/kg) orally. Ashwagandha root extract (200 mg/kg) was given orally to group III, while similar doses of ashwagandha root extract and amitriptyline were given in combination to group IV. Rats from each group were sacrificed at (7 and 30 days). A blood samples were collected to measure the total antioxidant capacity (TAC). For measuring acetylcholine esterase enzyme, salivary gland tissues were dissected. TAC after 7 days of oral administration showed a nonsignificant difference between groups while, after 30 days there is a significant decrease in TAC in group II and IV in comparison with that of the control group. Following oral dosing for seven days, acetylcholine esterase measurements revealed an increase in group II and a decrease in group IV as compared to the control group. While after 30 days, all groups acetylcholine esterase enzyme levels significantly decreased when compared with the control group. It can be Concluded that, Amitriptyline causes oxidative stress and temporarily inhibits acetyl cholinesterase, which results in anticholinergic action. Ashwagandha has acetylcholine esterase inhibitory characteristics and mild salivary gland antioxidant benefits.

This study aims to investigate the vitamin c protective influence against oxidative stress, liver and kidney destructions made by diethylene glycol in rabbit model. Eighteen healthy male rabbits were grouped into 3 classes. Control group: without any treatment. DEG group were treated with 40 mg /kg /day of DEG for 14 days while DEG with vitamin C group with 40 mg /kg /day of DEG with 10mg /kg/day of vitamin C for 14 days.  All animals were euthanized at day 14 of the study. Venous blood samples (5ml) were collected from rabbits via jugular vein and serum samples were isolated and kept at -20 ˚C till time of analysis. Serum analysis was done by colorimetric Assay kit for total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Tissue samples from liver and kidneys were isolated, pigmented by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) pigments and investigated under a light microscope for histopathological changes. Results: The TAC in the treatment group was significantly reduced at 14th day of study when compared to the other groups. While non- significant differences were found between control and treatment with vitamin C groups.

B ACKGROUND: Amitriptyline has a lengthy track record of success in treating depression. It is used less frequently due to its extensive side-effects including anticholinergic side effects, oxidative stress and high toxicity in over dose. Ashwagandha is an essential ancient herb having anti-depressant, antioxidant properties. Aim of study: To evaluate the histological effects of Ashwagandha& Amitriptyline on the salivary glands in rats. Material and Methods: forty healthy albino rats that were 8-10 weeks old and weighed 200-250 g were apportioned into four groups randomly. Group I (Control) received distilled water for 30 days. Group II received amitriptyline (10mg/kg) orally. Group III was given ashwagandha root extract (200mg/ kg) orally and Group IV was given a combination of amitriptyline (10mg/kg) orally and ashwagandha root extract (200mg/kg) orally for 30 days. Rats were euthanized at the end of 30 days. Submandibular glands were dissected, stained with hematoxylin & Eosin and examined histologically. Results: The Histological examination of the submandibular glands tissue showed that, group II exhibited eosinophilia, atrophy and necrosis of the cells and congested blood vessels. Group III exhibited a normal architectural picture. Group IV exhibited necrosis and degradation of epithelial cells lining granular convoluted tubules, atrophy in acini lobules and congestion of blood vessels. Conclusion: Amitriptyline induced degeneration of Submandibular glands in rats after 30 days of treatment. Ashwagandha alone has protective effects on salivary glands. But, Ashwagandha will interact with Amitriptyline causing further degeneration of Submandibular glands as a result of the Fenton reaction.