Women ulama or Muslimah scholars are ordinary people who experience role conflicts, problems with co-worker support, and work-life imbalances which would cause stress in the workplace. Some pieces of literature have examined these issues; however, a study in a specific community like Muslimah scholars who are Indonesian Women's Ulama Conference members (KUPI) is still limited. This study examines the effect of role conflict, co-worker support, and work-life balance on work stress among Indonesian female Ulama. The author uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. After filling out a consent form, data was collected from Muslimah scholars and members of KUPI. Participants then filled out the questionnaire by self-report. The results showed that most participants had moderate role expectation conflict, co-worker support, work-life balance, and job stress. The variables of role expectation conflict, co-worker support, and work-life balance influence work stress simultaneously. The indirect effect analysis showed only role expectation conflict on job stress through work-life balance, which has a significant effect. This finding indicates that although these women scholars have strategic careers and positions in their workplace, colleagues and family are two crucial things for them.

Indonesia, with a plural society, is interested in guaranteeing every religious adherent’s independence. Therefore, various regulations are enacted to reduce conflicts that often occur, including matters relating to establishing places of Worship. This caused multiple responses from the community. At the same time, it is essential to take a closer look at how places of Worship are established. This research takes the form of literature, and concerning the data, the author divides it into 2 (two), namely primary and secondary. The analytical framework that will be optimized is Thomas R. Dye’s public policy. This study found that the intervention of the Indonesian State in the establishment of houses of Worship through a joint regulation made by two ministries, namely the Minister of Home Affairs and the Minister of Religion, regarding the establishment of places of worship Number 1 of 1969 and Numbers 8 and 9 of 2006 is essential. However, the government must disseminate the regulations for licensing the construction of houses of Worship to all religious communities in Indonesia and be firm in implementing these laws and regulations to minimize conflicts caused by religion.