C−H bond functionalization generates molecular complexity in single‐step transformation. However, the activation of C−H bonds requires expensive metals or stoichiometric amounts of oxidizing/reducing species. In many cases, they often require pre‐functionalization of starting molecules. Such pre‐activating measures cause waste generation and their separation from the final product is also troublesome. In such a scenario, reactions activating elements generating from renewable energy resources such as electricity and light would be more efficient, green, and cost‐effective. Further, incorporation of growing flow technology in chemical transformation processes will accelerate the safer accesses of valuable products. Arenes & heteroarenes are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, natural products, medicinal compounds, and other biologically important molecules. Herein, we discussed enabling tools and technologies used for the recent C−H bonds functionalization of arenes and heteroarenes.

Numerous applications in the realm of biological exploration and drug synthesis can be found in heterocyclic chemistry, which is a vast subject. Many efforts have been developed to further improve the reaction conditions to access this interesting family to prevent employing hazardous ingredients. In this instance, it has been stated that green and environmentally friendly manufacturing methodologies have been introduced to create N-, S-, and O-heterocycles. It appears to be one of the most promising methods to access these types of compounds avoiding use of stoichiometric amounts of oxidizing/reducing species or precious metal catalysts, in which only catalytic amounts are sufficient, and it represent an ideal way of contributing toward the resource economy. Thus, renewable electricity provides clean electrons (oxidant/reductant) that initiate a reaction cascade via producing reactive intermediates that facilitate in building new bonds for valuable chemical transformations. Moreover, electrochemical activation using metals as catalytic mediators has been identified as a more efficient strategy toward selective functionalization. Thus, indirect electrolysis makes the potential range more practical, and less side reactions can occur. The latest developments in using an electrolytic strategy to create N-, S-, and O-heterocycles are the main topic of this mini review, which was documented over the last five years.

C-H bond functionalization generates molecular complexity in single-step transformation. However, the activation of C-H bonds requires expensive metals or stoichiometric amounts of oxidizing/reducing species. In many cases, they often require pre-functionalization of starting molecules. Such pre-activating measures cause waste generation and their separation from the final product is also troublesome. In such a scenario, reactions activating elements generating from renewable energy resources such as electricity and light would be more efficient, green, and cost-effective. Further, incorporation of growing flow technology in chemical transformation processes will accelerate the safer accesses of valuable products. Arenes & (hetero) arenes are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, natural products, medicinal compounds, and other biologically important molecules. Herein, we discussed enabling tools and technologies used for the recent C–H bonds functionalization of Arenes / (Hetero)Arenes.

The electrochemical generation of molecular complexity via CH bond transformations without pre-functionalization of molecules, stoichiometric amounts of oxidizing/reducing species or precious metal catalysts, represent a highly sustainable technology and green methodology of contributing toward resource economy. Thus, renewable electricity provides clean electron (oxidant/reductant) that initiate a reaction cascade via producing reactive intermediates that facilitate in the building of new bonds for valuable chemical transformations. The application of modern enabling strategies (electrochemistry, photochemistry & microfluidics) in organic transformations will accelerate the process to achieve sustainable CH bond activation and to access valuable chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemicals under safe & environmentally friendly conditions. Herein, we discussed enabling tools and technologies used for the recent CH bonds functionalization of Arenes / (Hetero)Arenes.