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Early diagnosis of vitamin B(12) status in neonates and infants is crucial, particularly in nutritionally deprived areas. Biochemical measurement of plasma cobalamin or its metabolic marker MMA is highly recommended. Urinary MMA measurement in cobalamin diagnostics provides an advantage in that blood sampling is not required. A vitamin B(12) taskforce should be created to alleviate vitamin deficiency and its negative consequences.

Purpose: The current study aimed to asses shear bond strength of Vita Suprinity ceramics bonded to dentine and enamel utilizing three different types of resin cements.Materials and Methods: Sixty ceramic samples (Vita Suprinity) were divided according to the tooth substrate into two equal groups (thirty samples cemented to enamel substrate and thirty samples to dentine substrate). Each group was divided into three subgroups (n=10) according to cementation mechanism: SubgroupI; Etch &rinse mechanism (Duolink resin cement. All bond universal and acid etch), SubgroupII;Self etch mechanism (Bifix QM resin cement and futura bond) and subgroupIII; Selfadhesive mechanism (Relyx Unicem). The cemented specimens were thermocycled then shear bond strength was measured. Results: By comparing cementation protocols the total etch mechanism recorded the highest bond strength while the self-adhesive mechanism recorded the lowest strength. Comparing substrates, the enamel results were significantly higher than that of dentine results. Conclusion: Although the self etch and self-adhesive resin cements are simple in manipulation, their bond strength is lower than that of total etch technique so they need improvement.

The adequacy of vitamin B12 intake was assessed among 62 lactating mothers in the 2-32 weeks of lactation by an interactive 24-h recall and an open-ended food frequency questionnaire. Double portions of the foods consumed were sampled and assayed microbiologically for its vitamin B12 content. Based on the food item and its respective vitamin B12 content, combined with the usual portion size in grams and the frequency of consumption, a rapid calculator of approximate dietary vitamin B12 intake was developed. The estimated vitamin B12 intake averaged 4.17+/-0.74 microg/d. Only 25.8% of the lactating mothers had adequate vitamin B12 intake (>2.5 microg vitamin B12 daily). Three quarter of the studied population were consuming vitamin B12<2.5 microg/d. Out of those, 50% had estimated daily intake <2.0 microg/d. This percentage prevalence confirms the additional burden on the lactating mothers to satisfy the daily vitamin B12 requirement for its breast-fed baby.

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