Aqueous extract of neem seed kernel (NSKE) was tested for its effect on the fecundity and post‐embryonic development of Bactrocera cucurbitae and Bactrocera dorsalis, when fed as water source. Comparisons were made with pure azadirachtin to ascertain its role as a compound responsible for these effects. Three oviposition dates (10, 15 and 20) after adult emergence were chosen. In the 10 day experiment no egg laying was recorded at a concentration of 0.25% NSKE for both the species. By the 20th day, mean number of eggs laid were 93 for B. cucurbitae and 100 for B. dorsalis at the same concentration as compared with 241 and 243 eggs in respective controls. This pattern of recovery was observed for the first time using neem extracts on B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis. Effect on fertility were evident as the per cent egg‐hatch in the 10‐day experiment ranged from 56 to 72 and 61 to 75% for B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis respectively, compared with 99 and 99% in controls. The overall egg hatch ranged between 56 and 85% for both the species, covering the reproductive age of the flies. There was no significant effect on pupation. Per cent pupation of the hatched larvae was >90%, while the adult emergence calculated from the number of larvae that pupated was >62%, for both the species, however, when calculated from the initial number of eggs laid the post‐embryonic effects were evident. The effects on fecundity, fertility and adult emergence were confirmed with pure azadirachtin. As with NSKE, pupation was not much affected, however, significant effects on adult emergence and behaviour were recorded. The post‐embryonic effects of neem seed kernel extracts on the two species of fruit flies was confirmed for the first time. Being safe, cheap and renewable, neem extract can be effectively used as an excellent alternative to synthetic insecticides.

Lead-free halide double perovskites (DPs) have emerged as a stable and greener alternative to very toxic lead-based perovskites owing to their outstanding photophysical properties. Here, a series of Cs 2 (Na x Ag 1−x )BiBr 6 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1) double-perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are synthesized, which have not been much explored yet. The formation of highly miscible Cs 2 (Na x Ag 1−x )BiBr 6 solid solutions is favored because of very low lattice mismatch between Cs 2 NaBiBr 6 and Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 . These DP NCs have tunable band gaps, which successively increase with increasing Na/Ag ratio, enabling us to tune their band gap by more than 0.5 eV. The band gap tuning is further confirmed by electronic structure calculations using density functional theory (DFT), which is in line with the band gap estimated from the absorption data. The Cs 2 (Na x Ag 1−x )BiBr 6 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5) DP NCs are found to be more stable in the ambient conditions than the Cs 2 (Na x Ag 1−x )BiBr 6 (x = 0.75, 1.00) DP NCs.

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Background Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients face disadvantages with higher risk of acquiring SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, atypical manifestations, and associated multiple comorbidities. We describe patients' outcomes with symptomatic COVID‐19 on MHD in a large cohort of patients from India. Methods Data were collected prospectively from hemodialysis units in 11 public and private hospitals between March 15, 2020, and July 31, 2020. The survival determinants were analyzed using stepwise backward elimination cox‐regression analysis. Results Of the 263 total patients (mean age 51.76 ± 13.63 years and males 173) on MHD with symptomatic COVID‐19, 35 (13.3%) died. Those who died were older (p = 0.01), had higher frequency of diabetic kidney disease (p = 0.001), comorbidities (p = 0.04), and severe COVID‐19 (p = 0.001). Mortality was higher among patients on twice‐weekly MHD than thrice‐weekly (p = 0.001) and dialysis through central venous catheter (CVC) as compared to arteriovenous fistula (p = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, CVC use (HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.26–5.07, p = 0.009), disease severity (HR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.52–8.26, p = 0.003), and noninvasive ventilatory support (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.25–0.99, p = 0.049) had significant effect on mortality. Conclusion The adjusted mortality risk of COVID‐19 in MHD patients is high in patients associated with severe COVID‐19 and patients having CVC as vascular access.

Covid-19 is also a wide spreading infective agent disease that infects humans. A clinical study of COVID-19 infected patients has shown that these kinds of patients are square measure principally infected from a respiratory organ infection when come in contact with this disease. Chest xray (i.e., radiography) a less complicated imaging technique for identification respiratory organ connected issues. Deep learning is that the foremost undefeated technique of machine learning, that provides helpful analysis to review an oversize quantity of chest x-ray pictures which may critically impact on screening of Covid-19. Throughout this work, we have taken the PA read of chest x-ray scans for covid-19 affected patients conjointly as healthy patients. We have used deep learning-based CNN models and compared their performance. We have equate ResNeXt models and inspect their precision to investigate the model presentation, 6432 chest x-ray scans samples square measure collected from the Kaggle repository. This work solely core on potential ways of cluster covid-19 infected patients.