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Monosodium glutamate is naturally available non-essential amino acids, which found in naturally occurring foods and used as flavour enhancer worldwide. Monosodium glutamate is believed to be linked with diverse health problems. The aim of the study was toxic effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) and the protective role of L-carnitine, light on the available literature from last 25 years about diverse toxicity studies which had been carried out on animal and human models. Google scholar, NCBI, PUBMED, EMBASE, Wangfang databases, and Web of Science databases were used to retrieve the available studies. MSG was linked with deleterious effects particularly in animals including induction of obesity, diabetes, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic and genotoxic effects showed in Literature. Few reports revealed increased hunger, food intake, and obesity in human subjects due to MSG consumption. Hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, and genotoxic effects of monosodium glutamate on humans carried out very limitedly. High consumption of monosodium glutamate may be linked with harmful health effects showed in available literatures. So, it is recommended to use common salt instead of MSG. Furthermore, intensive research is required to explore monosodium glutamate–related molecular and metabolic mechanisms. L-carnitine can protect from Hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, renal impairment and genotoxic effects functionally, biochemically and histopathologically with a corresponding reduction of oxidative stress.

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Introduction: Hysterectomy is the second most common gynecological surgery next to caesarean section. The indications for hysterectomy may vary from one region to another and histomorphological pattern may also vary. Aim: The aim of the study is to analyze the various histomorphological patterns of uterine and adnexal pathology in the hysterectomy specimens. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study done over a period of two years at the department of Pathology, Zoram Medical College, Mizoram. Data of all hysterectomy specimens during this period were analyzed. Results: Out of the 142 cases, Leiomyoma was the most common uterine pathology seen followed by adenomyosis, 63% and 13% respectively. Chronic cervicitis was the most common cervical pathology and, in the ovaries, tumor-like lesions functional cysts were the most common pathology seen. The most common indication for hysterectomy was fibroid followed by dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Conclusion: The histopathological findings correlate with the pre-operative clinical indications however, a number of lesions were incidental findings. Therefore, it is important that every hysterectomy specimen be subjected for histopathological examination for better post-operative management.