This paper examines the role that political factors play in the investment location decisions of multinational enterprises. It has been found that foreign direct investors shy away from countries with excessive government spending, especially when this spending is directed towards the military. They also seem to have a slight preference for leftist executives and be negatively predisposed toward situations in which the ruling party has held power for prolonged periods of time. Ceteris paribus, more FDI flows to countries that have presidential systems, established political parties and where the party of the executive controls all houses with lawmaking powers. JEL classifications: F21; F50; P16

The underlying motive for this research is to figure out the structure of predictors and outcome of workplace bullying and workplace incivility in the banking sector of Pakistan. This paper aims to contribute valuable information about workplace bullying and workplace incivility as mediators to the scholarly research. An explanatory research design was employed. The data was collected from 600 banking professionals through personally administered questionnaires. SPSS-21 and Amos-21 were employed to analyze the quantitative data. For the purpose of testing hypotheses, structural equation modeling technique was employed. The results of this study provide a proof of association between the role stressors and two very important types of workplace interpersonal mistreatment, the workplace bullying and workplace incivility. Additionally, it was found that workplace bullying and workplace incivility play a mediating role between role stressors and turnover intentions among banking employees of Pakistan. Furthermore, the results reveal that the banking employees having experienced bullying and incivility are very prone to form turnover inclination.

The purpose of present study is to examine the effects of external motivational factors on employees. Current study is employed Herzberg’s two-factor theory to investigate the effects of extrinsic factors on employees’ performance.in food and textile industries of Sindh, Pakistan. Seven point Likert scale is used for survey purpose. Reliability test is conducted for knowing the internal consistency of extrinsic factors as independent variables and employees’ performance as dependent variable. Pearson correlation, Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), t test and multiple regression techniques are employed for data analysis.The results found that all extrinsic factors have positive and significant effects on employees. This study provides good amount of knowledge on the importance of extrinsic factors for improving the employees’ performance.