No abstract

Objectives: To determine the frequency of common hematological abnormalities in patients with malaria. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Medicine, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat Pakistan from November 2019 to May 2020. Material and Methods: A total of 137 patients of both genders aged between 18-60 years and who presented with malaria in emergency or outpatient department were analyzed. Ten cc blood was taken from all enrolled patients and sent to institutional laboratory for the detection of anemia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Frequency of common hematological abnormalities among patients of malaria was noted. For data analysis, SPSS version 26.0 was used. Results: In a total of 137 patients, 95 (69.3%) were male and 42 (30.7%) female. Overall, mean age was 29.2±13.18 while 84 (61.3%) patients were aged between 18 to 30 years. Mean duration of disease was 1.2±1.09 weeks while 89 (65.0%) patients had duration of disease <1 week. Table-1 is showing baseline characteristics of all patients. Anemia was found in 121(88.3%) patients, thrombocytopenia in 67(48.9%), leucopenia in 20 (14.6%) and 35 (25.5%) had DIC. Conclusion: The frequency of hematological abnormalities in patients with malaria was high. Anemia was found in 88.3% malaria cases, thrombocytopenia 48.9%, leukopenia 14.6% and DIC 25.5%. Keywords: Anemia, Leukopenia, malaria, thrombocytopenia.

No abstract

Infertility is global health issue. Male factor contribute to infertility in more than half of sub fertile couples. Their diagnosis is easy by simple test of husband semen analysis. This study has been designed to know the contribution of male factor and frequency of abnormalities of semen in infertile couple. Objectives: To determine the frequency of male factor in infertile couple and to evaluate the different abnormalities in semen. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: From January 2019 to June 2019. Material & Methods: Study started after taking approval from hospital ethical committee. Study included 200 subfertile couples after informed consent attending the outpatient department. The partner of female attending the fertility clinic between ages 20-40 were selected. History taken from female partner regarding age, duration of subfertility, type of subfertility any drug intake and medical illness of male. Result: Among 200 couples 64(32%) had abnormal semen parameters.24 had oligospermia. Eight had azoospermia and 60 had asthenospermia. 20 patients had teratospermia. Conclusion: Male factor is significant contributor of infertility therefore awareness is needed in order to engage more males partner in evaluation and management of infertility.

Objectives: To determine frequency of fetal iron deficiency anemia at the time of birth in obese mothers. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: September 2018 to February 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 368 obese pregnant women with singleton pregnancy between 37 -40 weeks of gestation were included in the study after informed consent. Cord blood was collected after delivery via syringe aspiration from the umbilical vein. Fetal Iron status in the form of serum iron, hemoglobin, transferrin saturation was measured with calorimetric endpoint assay. Obesity in pregnancy is defined as BMI equal and more than 30kg/m2. Fetal iron deficiency anemia was defined as fetal hemoglobin less than 14.5g/dl, fetal iron 97.3micro gram/dl and transferrin saturation 39.6% at birth. Results: Among 368 cases, 87.8% of cases were having their BMI 30kg/m2 to 34.9kg/m2. BMI between35kg/m2 to 39.9kg/m2 was noted in 10% of cases and in 2.2% of cases BMI was equal to or more than 40kg/m2. Frequency of neonatal iron deficiency anemia was 22.8%. Conclusion: There is a increase prevalence of obesity in women of childbearing age however maternal obesity has no significant correlation of fetal iron deficiency anemia.