Background and Objectives: Pain and swelling are the most common complications that occur after surgical removal of impacted third molar. Aim of this study to evaluate the effectiveness of local hyaluronic acid (HA) administration to surgically remove impacted third molar sockets to evaluate pain and swelling. Materials and Methods:A comparative study included 50 healthy patients were subdivided into two equal sub group, aged 18-35 years with impacted lower third molars type of impaction (class II; position B according to Pell-Gregory classification). The procedure has been performed under local anesthesia. In the study group, 0.8% HA (Gengigel®) was applied in the post-extraction sockets of third molars and in the control group nothing was applied to the extraction sockets of third molars. Pain and swelling were evaluated with a visual analogue scale (VAS). Assessments were made on 1st, 2nd, 3th, 4th, 5 th , 6 th , 7 th days after surgery.Results: Statistically significant difference was detected for the pain values between the two treatment groups in different days of the study (p < 0.05). The swelling scores of the hyaluronic acid group were significantly lesser than those of the control group in day 1 (p = 0.008), day 3 (p = 0.006), and day 4 (p = 0.036). In the other days, the scores were less but the differences were not significant.Conclusion: hyaluronic acid appears to offer a beneficial effect in the management of pain and swelling during the immediate postoperative period following impacted third molar surgery.

Background and objective: COVID-19 illness is a serious public health concern worldwide. The people in Iraqi Kurdistan have little knowledge about Coronaviruses. It was noticed that in the Kurdistan Region, the COVID-19 infection was not dealt with as required in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practice. This study aimed to identify the level of knowledge and attitudes of Kurdish people in addition to their practices concerning COVID-19. Methods: This study adopted an online cross-sectional survey design and was conducted from March 23 to April 2, 2020, to collect data from Iraqi Kurdistan Region citizens who were asked about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19. Results: The majority of the study participants were young and male (62.5%). Most respondents (92.9%) were optimistic that the government could take necessary procedures to reduce the risks of COVID-19 infection. Less than half of the participants wore masks and gloves when they left home (41.4%, 45.1% males and females respectively). Most of the participants had good knowledge (74%), and good practice (64.6%), and the vast majority had a positive attitude (98.1%) concerning COVID-19. Conclusions: Less than half of the participants who got engaged in this study wore masks and gloves whenever they went out. Hereby, the participants are to be provided with an extensive health education program so they can increase their awareness of COVID-19 infection.

Background & Objectives: Coronaviruses disease 2019 is a serious public health concern worldwide. The major style of a person is not identical to another person’s style in extensive areas including Iraqi Kurdistan where people have little knowledge about Coronaviruses. It is noticed that Coronavirus infection is not dealt with as required in terms of the expressed knowledge, attitudes and the practice taken. This study aimed at finding out the level of knowledge and attitudes of Kurdish people in addition to their practices concerning Coronaviruses. Methods: This study adopted an online cross-sectional survey design from March 23 to April 2, 2020 to collect data from Iraqi Kurdistan Region citizens who willingly took part in this survey and have been asked to identify knowledge, attitudes, and practices in terms of Corona virus. Results: The majority of the study participants were young and male gender (62.5%). Majority of respondents (92.9%) were optimistic that the government could take necessary procedures to reduce the risks of Coronaviruses infection. Less than half of the participants wore mask and gloves when they leave home (41.4%, 45.1% respectively). Most of the participants had good knowledge (74%), good practice (64.6%), and vast majority had positive attitude (98.1%) concerning Coronaviruses. Conclusion: Less than half of the participants who got engaged in this study wore masks and gloves whenever they go out. Hereby, the participants are to be provided with an extensive health education program so that they can increase their awareness of Coronaviruses infection.