BPD has significant implications for children who have CHD and undergo cardiac surgery, leading to prolonged ICU and hospital stays, although most survivors are not O2 dependent. Postoperative mortality was highest among patients with univentricular hearts and severe BPD. Optimal timing of surgery and strategies to improve outcome remains to be delineated.

Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent bouts of haemoptysis, iron deficiency anaemia, and pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph. We present such a case and believe that it is the first report from the Middle East.

Objectives: This study aimed to review the experience with percutaneous closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) at the National Heart Center (NHC) in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from November 2008 to December 2017. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed to identify their clinical, imaging and interventional data before and after the procedure and on the last followup. Results: A total of 116 patients, the majority of which were female (58%), underwent 118 percutaneous procedures for VSD closure at a median age of 3.54 years (range: 0.25–33 years) and a median weight of 12 kg (range: 3.5–78 kg). The mean diameter of the VSDs as determined by transoesophageal echocardiogram was 5.6 ± 1.9 mm (n = 105). The commonest type of VSD was perimembranous (n = 75, 63.5%). Devices were successfully placed during 111 (94.1%) procedures in 109 (94.0%) patients, with the commonest device being a Amplatzer™ duct occluder I (St. Jude Medical, Little Canada, Minnesota, USA; n = 39, 35.1%). There was no mortality. Early major cardiac complications occurred in six patients (5.5%) with device embolisation being the commonest (n = 4, 3.7%). The median follow-up period was 19 months (range: 1–84 months) in 89 (81.7%) of the patients. One patient (0.9%) required a permanent pacemaker for a complete heart block. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated a good rate of VSD closure with low morbidity and no mortality using the percutaneous approach with different devices. Long-term follow-up is needed to specifically evaluate the function of adjacent structures and the long-term effects on conduction systems. Keywords: Ventricular Septal Defect; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Amplatzer Occluder Device; Vascular Closure Device; Heart Block; Oman.

Introduction: Common arterial trunk with aortic dominance has well-developed bilateral pulmonary arterial arborization without any essential major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs), whereas "solitary" arterial trunk is characterized by collateral arterial supply to all bronchopulmonary segments and absent pulmonary arteries.Case Report: We report a term female neonate with common arterial trunk with aortic dominance with confluent pulmonary arteries with a large MAPCA as the sole blood supply to the lower lobe of the left lung. Results: Initial diagnostic workup missed this MAPCA from the descending thoracic aorta. It was suspected during surgery due to massive left atrial return and confirmed by cardiac catheterization study in the early postoperative period and treated successfully by unifocalization. Discussion: A large essential MAPCA supplying an entire lobe in the common arterial trunk with aortic dominance has not been described. It can present as heart failure and inability to wean off the ventilator in the early postoperative period following intracardiac repair.Conclusion: This is a case hitherto undescribed and possibly falling outside the well-entrenched classifications of the common arterial trunk and a large MAPCA could be an addition to the list of lesion modifiers. Our experience with this case underlines the importance of a thorough and open-minded approach to the initial imaging assessment of even well-described conditions.