No abstract

The lung is known to be particularly susceptible to complement-mediated injury. Both C5a and the membrane attack complex (MAC), which is formed by the terminal components of complement (C5b-C9), can cause acute pulmonary distress in nontransplanted lungs. We used C6-deficient rats to investigate whether MAC causes injury to lung allografts. PVG.R8 lungs were transplanted orthotopically to MHC class I-incompatible PVG.1U recipients. Allografts from C6-sufficient (C6+) donors to C6+ recipients were rejected with an intense vascular infiltration and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage 7 days after transplantation (n = 5). Ab and complement (C3d) deposition was accompanied by extensive vascular endothelial injury and intravascular release of von Willebrand factor. In contrast, lung allografts from C6-deficient (C6−) donors to C6− recipients survived 13–17 days (n = 5). In the absence of C6, perivascular mononuclear infiltrates of ED1+ macrophages and CD8+ T lymphocytes were present 7 days after transplantation, but vascular endothelial cells were quiescent, with minimal von Willebrand factor release and no evidence of alveolar hemorrhage or edema. Lung allografts were performed from C6− donors to C6+ recipients (n = 5) and from C6+ donors to C6− recipients (n = 5) to separate the effects of systemic and local C6 production. Lungs transplanted from C6+ donors to C6− recipients had increased alveolar macrophages and capillary injury. C6 production by lung allografts was demonstrated at the mRNA and protein levels. These results demonstrate that MAC causes vascular injury in lung allografts and that the location of injury is dependent on the source of C6.

No abstract

Torsion of the ovary is the total or partial rotation of the adnexa around its vascular axis or pedicle. Although the exact etiology is unknown, common predisposing factors include moderate size cyst, free mobility and long pedicle. Torsion of ovarian tumors occurred predominantly in the reproductive age group. The majority of the cases presented in pregnant (22.7%) than in non-pregnant (6.1%) women. Here, we report a case of ovarian torsion in pregnancy. Ovarian torsion is an urgent gynecological surgery and can occur during pregnancy. Surgical techniques should be considered in the development of the adnexal torsion regardless of the gestational age.