Within the framework of precursor events related to earthquakes, this paper analyzes the possible effect on the aquatic environment of the surrounding energy that accompanies earthquakes, particularly in the area where oceanic and continental plates collide (Cocos Plate and North American Plate, south of Mexico). As a preamble, the types of precursor events, characteristics, and their possible origin are described. A project was designed under the assumption that in areas with high frequency and intensity seismicity there is an electrical and electromagnetic potential promoter which is detectable and assessable indirectly by measuring water conductivity behavior, which also may have atypical variations of data; the outcome of intensive conductivity monitoring in different settings, natural as well as manmade (wellsprings, artesian well and a cistern), are presented herein. The results of the conductivity monitoring for seven months, highlight two patterns in data behavior: one pattern shows the subtle dependence of data behavior on the geographic location of data monitoring instruments, revealing that could have a slight relationship between areas with increased seismic frequency and intensity and the presence of atypical conductivity variations. Another pattern reveals the possible relationship between atypical variations in conductivity and subsequent earthquake events; a total of 241 seismic events were analyzed and 59 of them are provided as evidence related with patterns mentioned.

The dynamic of consolidation of urban areas in Latin America has allowed that almost 80% of the population concentrates in cities; this has produced changes in land covers and modified regional climate, propitiating the appearance of urban heat islands. The Metropolitan Area of Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico, holds the fifth national place in population size and experiences this process, because of this, the objective is to analyze and compare the spatiotemporal characteristics of the atmospheric urban heat island obtained from data gathered from 12 urban and rural weather stations with the surface urban heat island obtained from the digital processing of four Landsat 8 images. Results show the year-round presence of night-time atmospheric urban heat islands, which reach a peak in autumn (up to 6°C). Daytime atmospheric urban heat islands occur in summer and autumn with a maximum intensity of 4°C. For their part, surface urban heat islands occur in spring, summer and autumn and reach maximums of 19°C in intensity. A strong correlation was found between wetness and surface temperature (coefficient of determination, 0.8) in spring and winter. Soil wetness directly impacts the formation of weak urban heat islands in dry season, and intense ones in wet season, while the green areas and the winds affect the spatial distribution of the same.

Near faults or unstable areas where an earthquake could happen with capacity to damage buildings or infrastructure, there is often a previous energy that wanders around surroundings, this energy regularly is associated with electromagnetic emissions that generate an electric potential frequently studied as very, ultra-low and extreme frequency emissions (VLF-ULF-ELF_ EM) by remote sensing; under the assumption that this natural potential exists, in aquatic environment within the micro-seismic active area in the coastal border of Guerrero and Oaxaca estates, Mexico, an intensive conductivity monitoring in two artesian well was carried out. The results of intensive conductivity (µS/cm) monitoring done since March to July of 2015, using a low-cost Data logger sensor are presented. The results obtained of the study of 235 seismic events show that 61.64% of them manifest prior conductivity oscillation versus 38.36% of early conductivity oscillation, the possible origin of such oscillation and the likely relation with underground water recharge flux, ground light compression, ground tilt, local electromagnetic energy emissions, human interaction, was debated. The data analysis for long periods of conductivity monitoring and seismic events show that when the number of seismic events becomes intense, conductivity decreases and vice versa, resulting large fluctuations that grow over time like waves; within the study area a possible previous fluctuated long-term energy associated with earthquakes produced around could be arising.

Este estudio determinó, mediante un índice constituido por 24 indicadores, congregados en tres índices de segundo orden: prevención, resistencia y recuperación, la resiliencia ante desastres socionaturales de municipios costeros del Pacífico mexicano. La resiliencia encontrada fue mayormente media debido a una capacidad de recuperación endeble. Un análisis clúster precisó cinco grupos con características propias de resiliencia, resaltó uno de mayor rezago en Oaxaca y Guerrero debido a su bajo nivel de prevención y recuperación, los hallazgos permiten a quienes toman decisiones orientar estrategias y priorizar acciones para aumentar la resiliencia ante las amenazas naturales en el territorio mexicano.

El objetivo de la investigación es elaborar una cartografía de la generación de residuos sólidos urbanos en la Zona Metropolitana de Tampico y observar su distribución espacial en el territorio, para, desde un punto de vista integral, tener el conocimiento de la situación actual que prevalece en la zona. Se aplicaron encuestas y se recolectaron los residuos en los hogares seleccionados, a fin de obtener la generación por día de la semana y su composición en una clasificación estándar que permitió elaborar la cartografía sobre la generación y composición de residuos en todas las zonas de la ciudad. Se concluye que la cantidad y composición de los residuos generados en los hogares se ve influenciada, en gran medida, por el ingreso del jefe de familia, así como por la cultura de las personas. El averiguar la cantidad y la composición de los residuos generados en un territorio es de suma importancia porque amplía el conocimiento del fenómeno y ayuda a explicar algunos problemas presentados.