Open data for all New Yorkers -that is the tagline on New York City's open data website. Open government is being promoted at most countries of the western world.Governments' transparency levels are being measured by the amount of data they share through their online public repositories. Additionally, open source software is promoted at governments, academia, and the industrythis is the new digital story of this century, and the new testament between the Gods of technology and there users; data and software openness will redefine the path forward, and aim to rekindle our collective intelligence. Data and Software Openness can re-define Data Democracy, and be the catalyst for its progress. This chapter provides a historical insight into data and software openness, the beginnings, the heroes, prospects for the future, and all things we cannot afford to negotiate or lose.

Background/Objectives: This paper aims to discuss the ways in which instructional design practices can be improved through the use of task-based learning and strategy-based instructional approaches. Methods/Statistical analysis: Recent studies on task-based language (TBL) and strategy-based approaches to language teaching were reviewed to discuss their implications for instructional design. Findings: The researchers found that task-based learning approaches can cultivate learner autonomy; however, it is necessary to provide the appropriate amount of scaffolding in order to ensure that learners do not construct false knowledge. Furthermore, strategies should also be taught to learners in order to become more successful learners. Some strategies include instructional strategies, like modeling, as well as learner strategies that involve recognizing lexical patterns and metacognitive strategies. Improvements/Applications: Through the implementation of TBL and SBI, instructional designers can create curricula that encourage learners to become more autonomous and effective foreign language learners.

No abstract

No abstract