This article discusses the American Compañía Stanford’s efforts to drill an oil well on the outskirts of the archaeological site of El Tajín, Mexico, during the 1930s. Drawing on recent scholarly efforts to think beyond archaeology and the nation state, this article problematizes the notion of a unitary state behind the concept of nationalist archaeology, the constitution of archaeology and extractive industry as separate spheres, and their apparent mutual exclusivity. Exploring the negotiations between site guards, archaeologists, inspectors, oil company officials and labourers shows that different state actors worked at cross-purposes, and that the nominally separate spheres of nationalist archaeology and foreign oil extraction were in fact characterized by the sharing of infrastructure, equipment, expertise and labour. Consequently, this article advocates for close attention to the administration and management of archaeology in specific historical contexts, demonstrating that it is more reasonable to assume archaeology’s imbrications with the nation state and extractive industries.
________________________________________________________________In this article, I build on critiques of the ''local'' trope in archaeology by suggesting that the scalar dimensions of the ''local'' are worth considering in terms of recent thinking on scale in human geography, particularly in the work of Richard Howitt. Employing Howitt's conception of scale as size, level, and relation, I develop a case study centered on the archaeological site of El Tajín. A scale-sensitive analysis yields federal administration, local intervention, and archaeological practice as topics for study, and I trace their developments and contestations over the course of the 20th century with reference to Howitt's categories. I conclude by arguing for closer attention to scale in locally oriented archaeology. ________________________________________________________________Résumé: Dans cet article, je m'appuie sur les critiques de la trope « locale » en archéologie en faisant observer que les dimensions scalaires du « local » sont utiles à prendre en compte au regard de la pensée récente sur l'échelle en géographie humaine, en particulier dans les travaux de Richard Howitt. En utilisant la conception d'échelle de Howitt en tant que dimension, niveau et relation, j'élabore une étude de cas centrée sur le site archéologique d'El Tajin. Une analyse spécifique par l'échelle donne comme sujets d'étude l'administration fédérale, les interventions locales et la pratique archéologique, et je décris leurs développements et contestations au cours du XX e siècle me référant aux catégories de Howitt. Je conclus en préconisant d'accorder plus d'attention à l'échelle en archéologie locale. ________________________________________________________________Resumen: En el presente artículo, me baso en las críticas del tropo ''local'' en arqueología sugiriendo que vale la pena considerar las dimensiones escalares de lo ''local'' en términos del pensamiento reciente sobre la escala en geografía humana, en particular en el trabajo de Richard Howitt. Empleando la concepció n de escala de Howitt como tamañ o, nivel y relació n, desarrollo un estudio de caso centrado en el emplazamiento arqueoló gico de El Tajín. Un análisis sensible a la escala da como fruto la administració n federal, la intervenció n local y la práctica arqueoló gica como temas de estudio, y sigo el rastro de sus desarrollos y cuestionamientos a lo largo del siglo XX con referencia a las categorías de Howitt. Concluyo abogando por una atenció n más estrecha a la escala en la arqueología orientada localmente. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This article assesses the relationships between archaeology and wage labor in twentieth-century Mexico through an analysis of governmental payroll records from El Tajín, Veracruz. For Indigenous Totonac workers, the long-term presence of archaeological labor provided opportunities for income and social mobility in a context of dispossession and proletarianization while contributing to socioeconomic stratification. In a region where the traditional agricultural base declined during the twentieth century, participation in wage labor provided a source of regular cash income and opportunities for skill development and social mobility. Participation, however, depended on intermediaries and their kin and social networks, meaning that not all had access. The analysis suggests that state-run archaeology must be understood in practical and economic terms as well as in a regional context.
La historiografía de la arqueología mexicana suele enfocarse en los hallazgos y las interpretaciones de los arqueólogos conocidos; tal ha sido el caso de la zona arqueológica El Tajín, Veracruz. Investigaciones recientes en la historia de arqueología han analizado los contextos sociohistóricos de la disciplina, incluso los papeles de los trabajadores. Este artículo, empleando las herramientas teóricas de Michel-Rolph Trouillot, analiza la vida y obra del guardián Modesto González (c. 1890-1971), uno de los primeros empleados federales que trabajo en la zona arqueológica El Tajín. De acuerdo con investigación archivística y etnográfica llevado a cabo en 2016-2017, se elabora una narrativa sobre la vida de González, su labor como guardián de El Tajín, sus aportaciones a la antropología mexicana y sus creencias sobre la zona arqueológica. A partir de ahí, se explora el por qué del silencio de la historiografía de El Tajín sobre Modesto González, como manera de reflexionar sobre los silencios en la historiografía de la arqueología mexicana. Se concluye con propuestas para avanzar en el análisis de los trabajadores en la historiografía de la arqueología.
This essay reviews the following works: The Alchemy of Conquest: Science, Religion, and the Secrets of the New World. By Ralph Bauer. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2019. Pp. 670. $79.50 hardcover. ISBN: 9780813942544. On the Lips of Others: Moteuczoma’s Fame in Aztec Monuments and Rituals. By Patrick Thomas Hajovsky. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015. Pp. vii + 194. $45.00 paperback. ISBN: 9781477307243. Time and the Ancestors: Aztec and Mixtec Ritual Art. By Maarten Jansen and Gabina Aurora Pérez Jiménez. Leiden: Brill, 2017. Pp. ix + 615. $182.54 hardcover. ISBN: 9789004340510. En busca del alma nacional: La arqueología y la construcción del origen de la historia nacional en México (1867–1942). By Haydeé López Hernández. Ciudad de México: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2018. Pp. 389. $44.99. paperback. ISBN: 9786075391120. The Value of Things: Prehistoric to Contemporary Commodities in the Maya Region. Edited by Jennifer P. Mathews and Thomas H. Guderjan. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2017. Pp. iii + 309. $65.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780816533527. In the Lands of Fire and Sun: Resistance and Accommodation in the Huichol Sierra, 1723–1930. By Michele McArdle Stephens. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2018. Pp. ix + 177. $50.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780803288584. Género, ciencia y política: Voces, vidas y miradas de la arqueología mexicana. By Apen Ruiz Martínez. Ciudad de México: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2016. Pp. 251. Paperback. ISBN: 9786074847970. The Fifteenth Month: Aztec History in the Rituals of Panquetzaliztli. By John F. Schwaller. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019. Pp. ix + 264. $39.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780806162768.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.