China’s economic system has yet to be adequately explained by any models. China’s export-led industries were initially viewed as a source of cheap labor but its economy has now emerged as a serious competitor to advanced capitalism. However, after decades of market reform, China’s state sector, rather than disappearing or being marginalized, has become a leader in strategic sectors and the driver of its investment-led growth. Heterodox political scientists and economists have long argued that China is at best a variant within global capitalism. This paper discusses heterodox theories that position China as part of global capitalism or regard it as a variety of capitalism. It then examines the anomalies of Chinese “capitalism” and suggests that primitive socialist accumulation—operating in conflict with capitalist accumulation—offers a more appropriate theoretical framework for studying China’s development. JEL Classification: B51, O10, O53, P21, P26
Este artigo adota uma estrutura marxista para explicar como a exploração imperialista na América Latina e no Caribe evolui enquanto o mecanismo de troca desigual permanece. Os investimentos chineses na região aumentaram exponencialmente na última década, o que levanta questões sobre qual impacto eles podem trazer. Este artigo usa o caso de Hong Kong para argumentar que, sem uma força popular organizada com uma agenda progressista que pode negociar e canalizar os investimentos chineses para projetos socialmente úteis, eles podem até exacerbar as contradições existentes e levar à agitação por seu aparente desafio ao capital ocidental. As forças populares progressistas na região da América Latina e do Caribe devem tentar uma avaliação abrangente dos efeitos dos investimentos chineses e formar agendas de desenvolvimento social e soberanas fortes que possam otimizar sua utilização e fortalecer as forças contra o neoliberalismo e o imperialismo.
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