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Background The emerging ethical leadership, a unique approach in leadership viewpoint, has provided the ground for constructing and advancing individual and managerial efficiency by highlighting ethics in organizations. The present study aims to investigate the influence of Ethical Leadership on Subjective Wellbeing, Given the Moderator Job Satisfaction in Private Hospitals in Mashhad. Methods This descriptive-correlational research design stud was conducted in 2015–2016 to inspect the possible effect of ethical leadership on subjective wellbeing and job satisfaction, as dependent and mediator variables, among the Iranian private hospitals’ nurses in Mashhad. Simple random sampling method was used to select the sample of 166 nurses out of the population of 730 nurses, in total. The valid and reliable adapted version of the questionnaire designed by Yang (2014) was used to collect the data, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data set. Results The results showed that there is a positive significant correlation between ethical leadership and job satisfaction. More specifically, the findings indicated that Ethical leadership affected the subjective wellbeing of nurses through job satisfaction both directly and indirectly. Conclusions The findings illustrated that focus on ethics and ethically-oriented leaders in hospitals, enriched by job satisfaction can lead to the nurses’ subjective wellbeing by providing them a positive climate.

PurposeConsidering the importance of innovation in organizations and the formation of innovative behaviors (IBs) in the life of the organization, the authors study the effect of moderating social capital (SC) and gender in the link between knowledge sharing (KS), including sharing best practices and sharing mistakes with IB.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, a random sampling method was used. A questionnaire was completed by 310 employees working in five prestigious companies in the energy sector located in Mashhad province, Iran.FindingsThe findings of the research indicate the influence of KS on IB. Also, SC moderates the effect of KS on IB. However, the moderating effect of gender was not significant, sharing best practices more likely to lead IB in women. Moreover, the men are more likely to show IB as they share their mistakes in comparison with women.Originality/valueThis research aims to break the black box on the link between employee KS and his/her own innovativeness, which is not frequently investigated. To the authors' best knowledge, there is a lack of deep empirical study that has delved into analyzing the impact of gender-groups and SC on this relation.

Background & Aim: communication with the board of nursing as well as patient and their families are one of the most important daily activities of nurses. On one hand, Nurses are in close contact with people and are responsible for their health and life, and on the other hand, burnout influences the quality of patient care. Therefore, the identification of factors affecting the burnout of nurses and the variables involved in this effect will be helpful in improving the quality of health services. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of self-esteem between social undermining and burnout of nurses working in charity hospitals in Mashhad city. Materials & Methods: The current study is an analytical survey. The statistical population was the nurses of charity hospitals in Mashhad city in 2015. The Duffy et al questionnaire was used to measure social undermining, the Maslach & Jackson questionnaire was used to measure burnout, and the Tinakon & Nahathaiquestionnaire was used to measure self-esteem. The Cronbach alpha of questionnaire was .0.91 for social undermining, 0.95 for burnout and 0.98 for self-esteem. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Social undermining (β=.40) and its components i.e. colleague's social undermining (β=.56) and manager's social undermining (β=.04) had a significant impact on burnout. In addition, self-esteem moderated the effect of social undermining on burnout (p<.05). Conclusion: Nursing managers can reduce nurses' burnout by identifying and eliminating the factors causing social undermining at the workplace. Furthermore, utilizing the techniques to increase the nurses' self-esteem may reduce their burnout.