No abstract

When compliance with infection control recommendations is non-optimal, hospitals may play an important role in hepatitis C (HCV) transmission. However, few studies have analysed HCV acquisition risk based on detailed empirical data in order to identify high-risk patient profiles or transmission hotspots. We used data from a prospective cohort study conducted on 500 patients in the internal medicine and surgery departments of Ain Shams hospital (Cairo, Egypt). We first performed a sequence analysis to describe patient trajectory profiles. Second, we estimated each patient individual risk of HCV acquisition based on ward-specific prevalence and procedures undergone. We then identified within-hospital risk hotspots by computing ward-level risks. A beta regression model was used to highlight upon-admission factors linked to HCV acquisition risk. Finally, ward-focused and patient-focused strategies were assessed for their ability to reduce HCV infection risk. Sequence analysis identified 4 distinct patient profiles. The estimated HCV acquisition risk varied widely between patients and patient profiles. The risk was found to be higher in the internal medicine hospital compared to the surgery hospital (median: 0.188% IQR [0.142%-0.235%] vs. 0.043%, CI 95%: [0.036%-0.050%]). Upon-admission risk predictors included source of admission, age, reason for hospitalization, and history of anti-schistosomiasis treatment, injection and endoscopy. Patient-focused interventions were found to be most effective to reduce HCV infection risk. Our results might help reduce the risk of HCV acquisition during hospitalisation in Egypt by targeting enhanced control measures to ward-level transmission hotspots and to at-risk patients identified upon admission.

Aim: to know the start of COVID-19 in Ain shams University hospitals (El-Demerdash) in Severe acute respiratory illness.Materials and methods: retrospective collection of data records and previously collected nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal sample stored in our lab for determining the start of COVID-19 in our hospitals, using RT-PCR and postive samples we will conduct Sequencing analysis and photogenic analysis. Also epidemiological and data study of the negatively screened patients, to determine the most common causes of SARI and the causes of mortality in this category of patients

Purpose: COVID-19 is the most recent pandemic causing morbidity and mortality. Although a part of the pathogens causing SARI, it is unique in causing pulmonary thrombosis and lung fibrosis. Thus different management is needed. We aimed o explore the start of SARS-CoV-2 in preserved SARI samples to know the exact time of its emergence in our hospital, to conduct whole-genome sequencing in positive SARS-CoV-2 samples to define its strain. To assess the clinical characteristics of the severe respiratory infection admitted to El-Demerdash hospitals in that same period from our own file reports.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among SARI patients who were admitted to Ain Shams university hospitals. preserved nasopharyngeal& oropharyngeal swabs from 333 SARI patients were used in SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-Real time PCR. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 positive samples was performed. Clinical characteristics of the SARI patients were analyzed in the same period to show the relation to morbidity and mortality.Results: The first case of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in a 6months aged female patient on mid-April 2020, B.1.1.7, clade GR. Co-infection (with both bacterial and viral) was most prevalent in pediatrics than adults, but mortality was higher in adults than pediatrics (18.1% versus 7.1%). ICU admission was higher in adults than in the pediatric group (65% versus 12.8%). Co-morbidities were associated with higher mortality and more severe infection. The most common bacterial infection in both adults and pediatrics was Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Conclusion: COVID-19 didn’t start till mid-April in the Egyptian hospitals as remarked by this tertiary hospital’s data. Co-infection is the most prevalent in children and further research is needed in this area.