A field experiment was conducted at El-Gemmeiza Agric. Res. Station, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt during the two successive winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019, to study the effect of sulphur ( 0, 40 and 80 kg/fad.) and three foliar spray treatments (mixture of FeSO4 20%+MnSO43H2O 23%+ZnSO47H2O 23% +B as boric acid 17%) at 1%, blue green algae extract at 1 liter /fad. and yeast extract at 100 ml/liter water on growth , yield and root quality of sugar beet (cv Oskar poly) grown in a clay soil conditions. These treatments were arranged in a split plot in a complete block design with three replications. Sulphuer levels were randomly distributed in the main plots, while foliar spray treatments were randomly arranged in the sub plots. The interaction between sulphur at 80 kg/fad. and spraying with blue green algae extract at 1 liter / fad. gave the highest values of sugar beet shoots, roots and its components. While, the interaction between sulphur at 80 kg/fad. and spraying with the mixture of Fe+Zn+Mn+B at 1 % recorded maximum values of Fe, Zn, Mn and B in leaf tissues and roots. The increases in yield of sugar were about 32.8 and 56.3 % for the interaction between 80 kg S/fad. and spraying with blue green algae, 24.9 and 42.7 % for the interaction between 80 kg S/fad. and spraying with mixture of Fe+Zn+Mn+B over the interaction between 0 S and spraying with yeast extract in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively.

No abstract

Two field experiments were conducted on clay loam soil during the two successive seasons, summer season 2013 using maize plants and winter season 2013/2014 using wheat plants at El-Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, El-Gharbia Governorate to evaluate the effect and residual effects of compost rates placed in 20 and 40 cm depths, arranged in parallel orientation with respect to one another and spaced at 3 m apart or placed on the surface soil layer as well as the control on improving some soil chemical properties and availability of some nutrients either macro or micro, and the productivity of yield and yield components of maize and wheat plants. Furthermore, economical analysis was done by calculating the net income and investment ratios to determine the economical treatment. The experiments were conducted in a split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Results can be summarized as follows:(1)-All treatments slightly decreased the soil reaction (pH). Furthermore, all treatments caused progressive increases in soil salinity (EC) and total soluble salts (TSS) for the two soil depths (0-20 and 20-40cm) in the two growing seasons. Also, soluble cations and anions slightly increased with all treatments. While, SAR values were decreased compared with the control for the two soil depths in the two growing seasons.(2)-Generally the application depth and the addition rates of compost clearly enhanced the nutrient statues of the investigated soil.( 3)-Organic carbon (O.C, %) and C/N ratio were slightly increased in surface and subsurface soil layers as a result of the application depth and the addition rates of compost. (4)-All treatments led to markedly increases in the available macronutrients (N, P and K) and available micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) of the soil at the two soil depths in the two growing seasons either with mole depth or compost rates.( 5)-The yield and yield components of maize and wheat positively responded to all treatments compared with the control. The highest values of yield and its components for maize and wheat plants were obtained by the addition of 10 ton compost fed -1 in 40 cm mole depth. The highest grain yield of maize plants increased to 68.46 %, also, the highest grain and straw yields of wheat plants increased to 70.27 and 91.67 %, over the control, respectively. ( 6)-According to the economical analysis, the application of 10 ton compost fed -1 in 40 cm mole depth was the best treatment compared with the other treatments, since it gave the highest net income (12346.38 L.E fed -1 .). While, the lowest values were always incorporated with control (10 cm surface depth without any applications of compost). ( 7)-Therefore, it is more useful to use those treatments (compost rates at different depths) to get a markedly improve in both chemical properties and nutrients which reflect on higher yield incorporated with high net income, as well as to substitute a part of chemical fertilizers by using compost to minimize the pollution resulted from the int...

Wheat is an important Egyptian grain crop. Nitrogen have a major influence on wheat the productivity. The goal of N management program should be supplying enough N to achieve maximum profit from the crop. But any N not used by the wheat crop is potentially subjected to leaching, which pollutes groundwater and decreases the efficiency of N fertilization. The availability of Nitrogen affect by the soil properties, especially soil salinity, soil content of total calcium carbonate and particles size distribution of soil (soil texture). Also, some other important factors as soil-pH, soil organic matter content and cation exchange capacity of soil...etc. The aim of study to nitrogen critical level limitation of wheat crop under loamy soil through each of different nitrogen levels and obtained the maximum yield of production. Field experiment was carried out in El-Gimmiza Agricultural Researches Station Farm during winter season of 2012-2013 in Loamy soil. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks. Grain and straw yield for wheat crop were determined, soil available nitrogen was determined after harvesting. The obtained result observed that wheat grain plus straw yield was low at N 1 -treatment (5586 kg fed -1 ) and the highest one was at N 3 -treatment (7294 kg fed -1 ). Nitrogen critical level for wheat grain yield was N 3 -treatment (60 kg N fed -1 ). So, the nitrogen critical level for what grain yield is N 3 -treatment (60 kg fed -1 ). From the field experiment, the nitrogen critical level limitation for wheat crop yield is 60 kg N fed -1 under Egyptian environmental conditions for El-Gimmaza area such as soil moisture regime, soil temperature, biotic activity and soil pH.

A field experiment was carried at El-Gemmeiza Agric. Res. Station, El-Gharbihya Governorate, Egypt during the two successive summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the effect of green fertilizer (faba bean) and two sources of potassium (mineral potassium sulphate (KS) 48 % K 2 O) or natural feldspar (KF) 10.6 % K 2 O with three levels 50, 75 and 100 % of the recommended rate (RR) beside untreated (control treatment) on growth, yield, sepals chemical constituents and the availability of macronutrients in soil after harvest of Roselle plants (cv. Sabaheia 17) under clay soil conditions. Fourteen treatments were carried out including the combinations of two levels of green fertilizers and six potassium fertilizes, while control treatments contain no fertilizers. A RCBD using a split plot was applied. Results revealed that growth and yield traits of Roselle plants including plant height, number of branches/plant, total dry weight/plant, fruit weight/plant, number of fruit/plant, seed weight/plant, sepals fresh and dry weight per plant and fed. and total yield of seeds/fed., leaf total chlorophyll and carotenoides, anthocyanin concentration, total carbohydrates, total acidity and P percentage in sepals were markedly improved when the green fertilizer combined with fertilizing with 75 % of the recommended Potassium rate (RR) in the form of feldspar (KF) (10.6 % K 2 O) equal 530.65 kg /fed., was applied.The interaction between green fertilizer and fertilizing with 100 % RR in the form of KF possessed the greatest availability of N, P, K, pH and EC in the soil after harvest. K2O at 50 , 75 and 100 % of RR in the form of KS equal 78.12, 117.18 and 156.24 kg/fad, respectively K2O at 50 , 75 and 100 % of RR in the form of KF equal 353.77, 530.65 and 707.54 kg /fad. respectively