Self-control is by all explanations a basic worth affecting how others see us and how we see ourselves. The basic aim of the study is to elaborate the vice versa relationship among the factor to test whether certain psychological variable which increases the satisfaction with life. Component of happiness with the influence of locus of control is correlated with each other which is we find in this research. The participants in the study were 307 students of the different institutes who fill questionnaires through snowball sampling. This had a significant huge relationship with the locus of control. In this study, we use a different technique to find the relationship with data. Firstly we test the reliability of the questionnaire which is used by the different researcher in their research article after this we find the correlation which shows the positive result among the variable. Subsequently, MANOVA and other test were applied in this research to emphasize how self-control plays a major role to enhance the level of happiness which discovered the true meaning of satisfaction. This study recommended that if students and people are good at self-control elements in different situations then they will be happier and satisfied with their life. Moreover, the investigation uncovered that self-control has emphatically corresponded with Happiness, regularity feeling, and satisfaction with life. Research on happiness has caused it conceivable to better comprehend human behaviour in different parts of life.

Third year BDS Ibad-ur-Rehman 3 First year MBBS ABSTRACT:The medical educationists are emphasizing on the implementation of skills based curriculum which covers the oral health in a broader and global scale. Keeping in mind these things this study was conducted to know opinion of medical students regarding modern educational reforms and the present curriculum taught in their medical colleges. Methodology: This survey was done in medical colleges with four year program in dentistry in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. A four-question survey about the format and characteristics of the dental curriculum was circulated among the 200 dental graduates graduating in the year 2014 belonging to different dental colleges in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The respondents expressed their answers in yes or no. Respondents indicated the name of their school and answered survey questions. Descriptive statistics including percentage distribution for each response were used. Responses were recorded separately for all the four years. Results: In response to the question about integration between oral diseases with systemic disease, almost all agreed that their curriculum is disjointed in first and second year. 40% of the students told that some integration is created in third and 30% agreed that the integration is there in fourth year. 20% said that the basic sciences were taught with clinical context in first and second year and was not done in third and fourth year. Exposure of dental students to community and public health services was around 20% in third year and 30% in fourth year. PBL and case based discussions are not used in the dental colleges in all years. Conclusions: The dental curriculum in Pakistan needs to cover a much broader spectrum of diseases as well as patients. Linking the curriculum with modern tools like PBL can improve dental education. The link between the basic and clinical teaching and incorporation of community health can lead to marked shift in educational approach of the medical students.

OBJECTIVES: Orthopantomogram (OPG) is a dental radiograph that captures the maxillofacial region in a single image for quick assessment of the dental arches and their surrounding structures. It can be used for treatment planning and analysis of jaw-related pathologies. Prior studies have demonstrated geographical variations in radiographic anomalies and pathologies, our purpose was to establish baseline statistics for the Pakistani population, so the Pakistani dentists are able to distinguish between anomalies and pathologies and provide appropriate care when needed. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study design was used to analyze de-identified 2411 OPGs taken for routine dental care at the dental clinics of Riphah International University. These were broadly classified according to site. Data was documented on SPSS version 22 and presented as frequencies. RESULTS: From a total of 2,411 OPGs, 2326 met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 29.06±17.99 years. Our findings included pneumatization of the maxillary sinus in 9.8%, pathological findings in the sinus in 3.9%, deflected nasal septum in 7.5%, alveolar bone loss in 32.7%, elongated styloid process in 12.1%, pathological finding associated with maxillary bone in 1.4% and mandibular bone in 2.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results were somewhat unique when compared with studies from other geographical locations. We established baseline statistics about the common anomalies and abnormalities noted in dental radiographs for the Pakistani population. KEY WORDS: Orthopantomogram, anomalies, mandible, maxilla

Thoracic outlet syndrome represents a variety of symptoms ranging from neurogenic to vascular. The thoracic outlet syndrome considered as a disputed disorder and management and diagnosis need special attention. Objective: The present study was done with the objective was to observe association of thoracic outlet syndrome with cervical rib and the treatment and diagnosis options given to the patients once they present in the OPD.

Introduction: Thoracic outlet syndrome represents a variety of symptoms rangingfrom neurogenic to vascular. The thoracic outlet syndrome considered as a disputed disorderand management and diagnosis need special attention. Objective: The present study wasdone with the objective was to observe association of thoracic outlet syndrome with cervical riband the treatment and diagnosis options given to the patients once they present in the OPD.Study Design: Observational. Sampling: Convenience. Duration: January 2015-2017 January.Materials and methods: In this study the cervical rib was present in 3 males out of 58 cases.In females 8 had cervical rib out of 150 cases. Results: Out of eleven patients only six wereadvised surgical excision to relieve symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome. Analgesics were alsoprescribed to all patients. The second category who did not have cervical rib nerve conductionstudies were advised to only 12 males and 10 females. In our study patients presenting withnumbness or and any vascular complaint only 11 cases had cervical rib. The treatment advisedfor relieving symptoms was surgical in only six patients and analgesics in all cases. Thetreatment for patients without cervical rib was analgesics and nerve conduction was advisedonly in 22 patients. Conclusion: The diagnosis and management of TOS is a combination ofneurophysiological testing and clinical examination outcomes. The use of advanced techniquescan lead to better patient management in our hospitals.