The effects of the austenitizing temperature and the cooling rate upon the kinetic of athermal martensitic transformation in a microalloyed steel were evaluated. Considering the studied steel, the knowledge about these effects on the martensitic transformation has a great relevance for naval manufacturers and steel researchers. In this study, computational simulation was performed aiming to evaluate the phase's stability. Specimens were submitted to quenching simulations in a dilatometer, considering four different austenitizing temperatures and four cooling rates. The results shown that the austenite chemical composition was not significantly affected by the austenitizing temperatures. Both the austenitic grain size and the cooling rate affected the martensitic transformation kinetics. The larger the austenitic grain size, the higher the Ms. The austenitic grain growth promoted a decrease in the required chemical energy to compensate the free energy increase associated with the lattice strain and the creation of new interfaces, leading to a lower austenite undercooling. An extrinsic effect of the cooling rate on the Ms was observed. For lower cooling rates, the carbide precipitation modified que austenite chemical composition, changing its stability and increasing Ms. A predictability equation, correlating the M S with the austenite grain size and the steel cooling rate, was proposed.
No presente trabalho, estudou-se a aplicação de modelos cinéticosde transformação martensíticadisponíveis na literatura técnica a fim de modelar curvas de fração da fase austenita transformada em martensita para o aço USISAR 80T, estrutural, microligado, de boa temperabilidade e considerado de boa soldabilidade. Ensaios dilatométricos foram realizados com taxa de aquecimento de 3°C/s até a temperatura de austenitização de 920°C, tempo de encharque de 180 segundos e taxas de resfriamento de 25°C/s, 50°C/s, 75°C/s e 100°C/s. Um dos modelos estudados apresentou boa correlação com os dados experimentais para todas as taxas de resfriamento estudadas, sendo possível então a obtenção de constantes características da transformação estudada e a proposição de um modelo de previsibilidade para o aço USISAR 80T.
ResumoO conhecimento do campo de fluxo dentro do molde de lingotamento contínuo pode oferecer uma oportunidade de se melhorar a limpidez interna do produto. Modelagem física, aplicação da técnica PIV juntamente com a modelagem matemática via Ansys Fluent foram empregadas para avaliar a distribuição de velocidades na região de interface metal escória num molde de lingotamento de placas. Os resultados foram analisados com base em critérios de estabilidade da interface metal -escória disponíveis na literatura e ressaltam o papel do empuxo e tensão interfacial. Palavras-chave: Lingotamento contínuo; Molde; Escória; PIV.
PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF TURBULENCE AT THE METAL/SLAG INTERFACE IN THE MENISCUS REGION OF A CONTINUOUS CASTING MOLD AbstractThe knowledge of the flow field inside the mold can offer an opportunity to improve operations and as a result to achieve better inclusion control. Physical modeling, PIV technique and CFD using Ansys Fluent have been employed to assess the velocity distribution in the metal slag interface region in a slab mold. Results have been analyzed using stability criteria available in the literature and highlight the effects of buoyancy and interfacial tension.
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